Hypertension and Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium.
Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2011 May-Jun;53(6):404-11. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2011.03.006.
Hypertension is rare in the young, but its prevalence increases with age. Exercise contributes to the prevention of hypertension in normotensive subjects and to the control of blood pressure in hypertensive patients. The overall cardiovascular risk of the hypertensive patient does depend not only on blood pressure but also on the presence of other risk factors, target organ damage, and associated clinical conditions. The recommendations for preparticipation screening, sports participation, and follow-up depend on the overall risk profile of the individual patient. When antihypertensive treatment is required in addition to nonpharmacologic measures, calcium-channel blockers and blockers of the renin-angiotensin system are currently the drugs of choice for the patient who exercises.
高血压在年轻人中很少见，但随着年龄的增长其患病率会增加。运动有助于预防正常血压人群患高血压，并有助于控制高血压患者的血压。高血压患者的整体心血管风险不仅取决于血压，还取决于其他危险因素、靶器官损伤和相关临床情况。参加运动前筛查、运动参与和随访的建议取决于个体患者的整体风险状况。除了非药物措施外，如果还需要抗高血压治疗，钙通道阻滞剂和肾素-血管紧张素系统阻滞剂是目前运动患者的首选药物。
