1. Joint American-Belarusian Laboratory for Fundamental and Biomedical Nanophotonics, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA;
Theranostics. 2011 Jan 10;1:3-17. doi: 10.7150/thno/v01p0003.
Theranostic applications require coupling of diagnosis and therapy, a high degree of specificity and adaptability to delivery methods compatible with clinical practice. The tunable physical and biological effects of selective targeting and activation of plasmonic nanobubbles (PNB) were studied in a heterogeneous biological microenvironment of prostate cancer and stromal cells. All cells were targeted with conjugates of gold nanoparticles (NPs) through an antibody-receptor-endocytosis-nanocluster mechanism that produced NP clusters. The simultaneous pulsed optical activation of intracellular NP clusters at several wavelengths resulted in higher optical contrast and therapeutic selectivity of PNBs compared with those of gold NPs alone. The developed mechanism was termed "rainbow plasmonic nanobubbles." The cellular effect of rainbow PNBs was tuned in situ in target cells, thus supporting a theranostic algorithm of prostate cancer cell detection and follow-up guided destruction without damage to collateral cells. The specificity and tunability of PNBs is promising for theranostic applications and we discuss a fiber optic platform that will capitalize on these features to bring theranostic tools to the clinic.
治疗应用需要将诊断和治疗结合起来，具有高度的特异性和适应性，以适应与临床实践兼容的输送方法。在前列腺癌和基质细胞的异质生物微环境中，研究了选择性靶向和等离子体纳米泡（PNB）激活的可调物理和生物效应。通过抗体-受体-内吞作用-纳米簇机制，所有细胞都与金纳米颗粒（NPs）缀合，产生 NP 簇。与单独的金 NPs 相比，在几个波长同时对细胞内 NP 簇进行脉冲光激活，导致更高的光学对比度和 PNB 的治疗选择性。所开发的机制被称为“彩虹等离子体纳米泡”。彩虹 PNB 的细胞效应在靶细胞中进行原位调节，从而支持前列腺癌细胞检测和后续引导破坏的治疗算法，而不会对旁细胞造成损伤。PNB 的特异性和可调性有望用于治疗应用，我们讨论了一种光纤平台，该平台将利用这些特性将治疗工具推向临床。
