Lenoir G, de-The G
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The etiological role of EBV in NPC is still a matter for debate. A major question is how the viral DNA becomes associated with the carcinoma cell, since only B lymphocytes are at present known to have receptors to EBV. The following hypotheses are proposed: (1) The epithelial cells of the nasopharynx have EBV receptors in vivo; transformation of the epithelial cell thus results from a direct interaction between EBV and this cell type. The epithelial cells of the nasopharynx are not permissive for EBV infection. In this case: (2) Malignant or premalignant changes in the epithelial cells are required for EBV infection to take place. Thus, EBV may act either as a passive passenger or as an active promoter in NPC development. Or, (3) infection of the epithelial cells results from a specific interaction (involving either transfection or hybrid formation) between an EBV-infected B lymphocyte and an epithelial cell within the nasopharynx. Here again, the virus may either be passive or act as an oncogenic factor. Recent data are presented both for and against these hypotheses.
EB病毒在鼻咽癌中的病因学作用仍存在争议。一个主要问题是病毒DNA如何与癌细胞相关联，因为目前已知只有B淋巴细胞具有EB病毒受体。提出了以下假说：（1）鼻咽上皮细胞在体内具有EB病毒受体；因此上皮细胞的转化是由EB病毒与这种细胞类型之间的直接相互作用导致的。鼻咽上皮细胞对EB病毒感染不敏感。在这种情况下：（2）EB病毒感染发生需要上皮细胞发生恶性或癌前变化。因此，EB病毒在鼻咽癌发展过程中可能作为被动过客或主动促进因子起作用。或者，（3）上皮细胞感染是由EB病毒感染的B淋巴细胞与鼻咽内的上皮细胞之间的特异性相互作用（涉及转染或杂种形成）导致的。同样，病毒可能是被动的，也可能作为致癌因子起作用。本文给出了支持和反对这些假说的最新数据。
