Washington University School of Medicine, USA.
Child Dev. 2011 Jul-Aug;82(4):1267-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01598.x. Epub 2011 May 11.
The present study investigated the genetic and environmental covariance between psychopathic personality traits with reactive and proactive aggression in 9- to 10-year-old twins (N = 1,219). Psychopathic personality traits were assessed with the Child Psychopathy Scale (D. R. Lynam, 1997), while aggressive behaviors were assessed using the Reactive Proactive Questionnaire (A. Raine et al., 2006). Significant common genetic influences were found to be shared by psychopathic personality traits and aggressive behaviors using both caregiver (mainly mother) and child self-reports. Significant genetic and nonshared environmental influences specific to psychopathic personality traits and reactive and proactive aggression were also found, suggesting etiological independence among these phenotypes. Additionally, the genetic relation between psychopathic personality traits and aggression was significantly stronger for proactive than reactive aggression when using child self-reports.
本研究调查了 9 至 10 岁双胞胎（N=1219）中精神病态人格特质与反应性和主动性攻击之间的遗传和环境协方差。使用儿童精神病态量表（D.R. Lynam，1997）评估精神病态人格特质，使用反应性主动性问卷（A. Raine 等人，2006）评估攻击行为。使用照顾者（主要是母亲）和儿童自我报告，发现精神病态人格特质和攻击行为之间存在显著的共同遗传影响。还发现了特定于精神病态人格特质和反应性和主动性攻击的遗传和非共享环境影响，表明这些表型之间存在病因学独立性。此外，当使用儿童自我报告时，精神病态人格特质与攻击之间的遗传关系在主动性攻击上明显强于反应性攻击。
