Farias Davi F, Cavalheiro Mariana G, Viana Martônio P, Queiroz Vanessa A, Rocha-Bezerra Lady C B, Vasconcelos Ilka M, Morais Selene M, Carvalho Ana F U
Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Campus do Pici Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2010 Sep;82(3):585-94. doi: 10.1590/s0001-37652010000300006.
This study assessed the toxicity of seed water extracts of 15 leguminous species upon Aedes aegypti larvae. A partial chemical and biochemical characterization of water extracts, as well as the assessment of their acute toxicity in mice, were performed. The extracts of Amburana cearensis, Anadenanthera macrocarpa, Dioclea megacarpa, Enterolobium contortisiliquum and Piptadenia moniliformis caused 100% of mortalit y after 1 to 3 h of exposure. They showed LC(50) and LC(90) values ranging from 0.43 ± 0.01 to 9.06 ± 0.12 mg/mL and from 0.71 ± 0.02 to 13.03 ± 0.15 mg/mL, respectively. Among the secondary metabolite constituents, the seed water extracts showed tannins, phenols, flavones, favonols, xanthones, saponins and alkaloids. The extracts also showed high soluble proteins content (0.98 to 7.71 mg/mL), lectin (32 to 256 HU/mL) and trypsin inhibitory activity (3.64 = 0.43 to 26.19 = 0.05 gIT/kg of flour) The electrophoretic profiles showed a great diversity of protein bands, many of which already described as insecticide proteins. The extracts showed low toxicity to mice (LD(50) > 0.15 = 0.01 g/kg body weight), but despite these promising results, further studies are necessary to understand the toxicity of these extracts and their constituents from primary and secondary metabolism upon Ae. aegypti.
本研究评估了15种豆科植物种子水提取物对埃及伊蚊幼虫的毒性。对水提取物进行了部分化学和生化特性分析，并评估了它们对小鼠的急性毒性。塞阿拉安布罗那、大果阿那豆、大果双荚豆、扭序罗望子和念珠状腺豆的提取物在暴露1至3小时后导致100%死亡。它们的LC(50)和LC(90)值分别为0.43±0.01至9.06±0.12毫克/毫升和0.71±0.02至13.03±0.15毫克/毫升。在次生代谢产物成分中，种子水提取物含有单宁、酚类、黄酮、黄酮醇、氧杂蒽酮、皂苷和生物碱。提取物还显示出高可溶性蛋白质含量(0.98至7.71毫克/毫升)、凝集素(32至256 HU/毫升)和胰蛋白酶抑制活性(3.64 = 0.43至26.19 = 0.05克IT/千克面粉)。电泳图谱显示出多种蛋白质条带，其中许多已被描述为杀虫蛋白。提取物对小鼠显示出低毒性(LD(50)>0.15 = 0.01克/千克体重)，但尽管有这些令人鼓舞的结果，仍需要进一步研究以了解这些提取物及其初级和次级代谢成分对埃及伊蚊的毒性。
