Department of Biology, Campus do Pici, Federal University of Ceara, 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
J Med Entomol. 2011 Jul;48(4):846-51. doi: 10.1603/me10205.
Seed ethanolic extracts of 21 Brazilian plants were evaluated for ovicidal, larvicidal, and pupicidal activities against insecticide-susceptible (SS) and field-collected (FC) strains of Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae), as well as for their effects on nontarget organisms. Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. Allemao extract was highly toxic to both mosquito strains. Schinopsis brasiliensis Engler extract showed low toxicity and was 38-68 times less toxic to Ae. aegypti larvae than was M. urundeuva extract. The pupicidal activity (LC50) of 14 plant seed extracts ranged between 9 and 433/g/ml, and toxicities were comparable to both mosquito strains. Piptadenia moniliformis Benth. and Luetzelburgia auriculata (Allemao) Ducke extracts showed the highest activities against pupae of FC and SS strains. None of the extracts showed 100% ovicidal activity. In addition, the active extracts did not show high acute toxicity to mice (LD50 > 1.5 g/kg), except that of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. Most of the active extracts exhibited low toxicity against brine shrimp (Artemia sp.) nauplii. The extracts of M. urundeuva, P. moniliformis, and L. auriculata are promising sources of recognized classes of insecticidal compounds with good selectivity against immature stages of Ae. aegypti.
21 种巴西植物的种子乙醇提取物被评估了对杀卵、杀幼虫和杀蛹活性，针对的是对杀虫剂敏感（SS）和野外收集（FC）的埃及伊蚊（SS）和野外收集（FC）品系（双翅目：蚊科），以及它们对非目标生物的影响。Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. Allemao 提取物对两种蚊子品系都具有高毒性。Schinopsis brasiliensis Engler 提取物的毒性较低，对埃及伊蚊幼虫的毒性比 M. urundeuva 提取物低 38-68 倍。14 种植物种子提取物的杀蛹活性（LC50）在 9 到 433/g/ml 之间，毒性与两种蚊子品系相当。Piptadenia moniliformis Benth. 和 Luetzelburgia auriculata（Allemao）Ducke 提取物对 FC 和 SS 品系的蛹显示出最高的活性。没有一种提取物显示出 100%的杀卵活性。此外，活性提取物对小鼠没有表现出 100%的急性毒性（LD50 > 1.5 g/kg），除了 Enterolobium contortisiliquum（Vell.）Morong。大多数活性提取物对卤虫（Artemia sp.）无节幼体表现出低毒性。M. urundeuva、P. moniliformis 和 L. auriculata 的提取物是具有良好选择性的公认类杀虫化合物的有前途的来源，对埃及伊蚊的幼虫具有良好的选择性。
