Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
BMC Public Health. 2011 May 12;11:303. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-303.
Immigrants from the Middle-East are at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of the present survey was to measure, in a single deprived neighbourhood, the prevalence rates of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and T2D in residents originating from Iraq and to compare them to those in residents born in Sweden. An additional aim was to identify metabolic, lifestyle and socioeconomic risk factors associated with IFG/IGT and T2D in these residents.
The study was conducted February 1'st to March 31'st 2010. Men and women aged 45 to 65 years of Swedish or Iraqi origin, living in the neighbourhood of Rosengård, Malmö, Sweden, were randomly selected from the census register. Each participant signed a written informed consent form, underwent a physical examination and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), provided blood samples and filled in a questionnaire. A total of 175 subjects participated (Swedish origin n = 79, Iraqi origin n = 96), reflecting an overall response rate of almost 60%.
In total, 21.9% and 19.0% of the Iraqi and Swedish participants, respectively, suffered from T2D, while 24.0% of the Iraqi participants and 25.3% of the Swedish participants had IFG/IGT. There were no significant differences in prevalence rates relating to country of origin.Obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) and sedentary leisure time physical activity were highly prevalent in both groups, while a family history of diabetes was more prevalent in participants from Iraq (49.2%) than in those from Sweden (22.8%) (p = 0.001).Being obese or having a sedentary leisure time were, independently associated with T2D (OR 5.43 (95% CI 2.10-14.02) and 2.89 (95% CI 1.03-8.10) respectively), while economic difficulties were independently associated with IFG/IGT (OR 2.55 (95% CI 1.06-6.15)) after adjustment for the confounding effects of other common risk factors for T2D.
This study reveals a high prevalence of T2D, independently of country of origin (Iraq or Sweden), in a socially vulnerable area and additionally presents a risk factor profile that is markedly different from that of Sweden in general.
来自中东的移民患 2 型糖尿病（T2D）的风险很高。本调查的目的是在一个贫困社区中测量来自伊拉克的居民中空腹血糖受损（IFG）、葡萄糖耐量受损（IGT）和 T2D 的患病率，并将其与出生在瑞典的居民进行比较。另一个目的是确定与这些居民的 IFG/IGT 和 T2D 相关的代谢、生活方式和社会经济风险因素。
该研究于 2010 年 2 月 1 日至 3 月 31 日进行。来自瑞典或伊拉克的 45 至 65 岁的男性和女性，居住在瑞典马尔默的罗森加德社区，从人口普查登记册中随机选择。每位参与者都签署了一份书面知情同意书，接受了体检和口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT），提供了血液样本并填写了一份问卷。共有 175 人参加（瑞典血统 n = 79，伊拉克血统 n = 96），总体反应率接近 60%。
总的来说，分别有 21.9%和 19.0%的伊拉克和瑞典参与者患有 T2D，而分别有 24.0%的伊拉克参与者和 25.3%的瑞典参与者患有 IFG/IGT。与原籍国无关，患病率没有显著差异。肥胖（BMI≥30kg/m2）和久坐的休闲时间体力活动在两组中都很普遍，而糖尿病家族史在来自伊拉克的参与者中更为普遍（49.2%）比来自瑞典的参与者（22.8%）（p=0.001）。肥胖或久坐的休闲时间与 T2D 独立相关（OR 5.43（95%CI 2.10-14.02）和 2.89（95%CI 1.03-8.10）），而经济困难与 IFG/IGT 独立相关（OR 2.55（95%CI 1.06-6.15）），在调整了 T2D 的其他常见危险因素的混杂影响后。
这项研究揭示了一个社会弱势群体中 T2D 的高患病率，与原籍国（伊拉克或瑞典）无关，此外还呈现出与瑞典总体明显不同的风险因素特征。
