Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental College, Manazuru 2-6-1, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu City 803-8580, Japan.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2012 Jan-Feb;54(1):28-33. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2011.04.014. Epub 2011 May 17.
Although poor physical fitness is known to be associated with increased mortality in adult and elderly populations, this association is not conclusive in very elderly. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the association for a very old community-dwelling population. The participants (90 males, 117 females) were 85-year-old individuals residing in Fukuoka, Japan. Baseline examinations including muscle strength of the handgrip and leg extension, one-leg standing, leg stepping rate, and walking were performed in 2003 and these subjects were followed for 6.5 years. During the follow-up period, 81 individuals (49 males and 32 females) died. Handgrip strength and leg extension strength at age 85 were stronger in surviving men than in non-survivors. Total mortality adjusted for both gender and serum level of total cholesterol fell 5-6% with a 1-kg increase in the handgrip strength of a single hand or both hands. Total mortality also decreased 2% with a 1 kg increase in the leg extension strength of both legs. With adjustment for gender and total cholesterol, mortality fell by 57% in participants of the walking test and fell by 45% in participants of the stepping-rate test compared to mortality in nonparticipants. No association was found between mortality and participation in the handgrip strength test, leg extension strength test, or one-leg standing time test. In conclusion, not only poor muscle strength in handgrip or leg extension, but also nonparticipation in walking test or leg-stepping test were independent predictors of total mortality in a very elderly population.
虽然身体状况不佳与成年人和老年人的死亡率增加有关，但在非常年长的人群中，这种关联并不明确。本研究的目的是评估一个非常年长的社区居住人群的相关性。参与者（男性 90 人，女性 117 人）为 85 岁的日本人，居住在福冈。2003 年进行了基线检查，包括手握力和腿部伸展力量、单腿站立、腿部踏步率和步行能力。这些受试者在随访 6.5 年后进行了随访。在随访期间，有 81 人（男性 49 人，女性 32 人）死亡。85 岁时男性的手握力和腿部伸展力量比非幸存者更强。调整性别和总胆固醇血清水平后，手握力每增加 1 公斤，全因死亡率下降 5-6%；双手的握力总共增加 1 公斤，全因死亡率下降 6%。调整性别和总胆固醇后，参加步行测试的参与者的总死亡率下降了 57%，参加踏步率测试的参与者的总死亡率下降了 45%，而非参与者的死亡率为 45%。握力测试、腿部伸展力量测试或单腿站立时间测试的参与者与死亡率之间没有关联。总之，在非常年长的人群中，不仅手握力或腿部伸展力量差，而且不参加步行测试或腿部踏步测试也是总死亡率的独立预测因素。
