Laboratoire de Génétique, Immunologie et Pathologies Humaines, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, CAMPUS, Université Tunis-el Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisie.
Acta Diabetol. 2013 Apr;50(2):227-32. doi: 10.1007/s00592-011-0295-8. Epub 2011 May 22.
Cellular resistance to insulin caused by reduced glucose transport and metabolism is a primary defect leading to the development of metabolic disease. While the etiology of insulin resistance is multifactorial, reduced insulin action is associated with impaired activity of the glucose transporter GLUT4 in insulin-sensitive tissues. Yet, the role of adipose tissue GLUT4 deregulation in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, obesity, and diabetes is still unclear. In this study, we assessed the relative GLUT4 level in human subcutaneous adipose tissue from obese, diabetic, and diabetic obese versus control subjects, using a real-time PCR method. GLUT4 mRNA levels were considerably decreased among type 2 diabetic patients compared with those of the controls (P < 0.01), whereas no such difference was found between obese and normal-weight controls. Multiple linear regressions analysis in both diabetic non-obese and diabetic obese groups showed a negative correlation between GLUT4 mRNA expression and both markers of obesity or insulin resistance (P < 0.01). However, in obese group, GLUT4 was inversely associated only with HOMA-IR (P < 0.01). Our findings showed that adipose GLUT4 gene expression changes were more related to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes rather than to obesity.
细胞对胰岛素的抵抗是由葡萄糖转运和代谢减少引起的，这是导致代谢性疾病发展的主要缺陷。虽然胰岛素抵抗的病因是多因素的，但胰岛素作用的降低与胰岛素敏感组织中葡萄糖转运蛋白 GLUT4 的活性受损有关。然而，脂肪组织 GLUT4 失调在胰岛素抵抗、肥胖和糖尿病发病机制中的作用仍不清楚。在这项研究中，我们使用实时 PCR 方法评估了肥胖、糖尿病和糖尿病肥胖患者与对照组相比，人皮下脂肪组织中相对 GLUT4 水平。与对照组相比，2 型糖尿病患者的 GLUT4 mRNA 水平显著降低（P < 0.01），而肥胖者与正常体重对照组之间则无差异。在糖尿病非肥胖组和糖尿病肥胖组中，多元线性回归分析显示 GLUT4 mRNA 表达与肥胖或胰岛素抵抗的标志物呈负相关（P < 0.01）。然而，在肥胖组中，GLUT4 仅与 HOMA-IR 呈负相关（P < 0.01）。我们的研究结果表明，脂肪组织 GLUT4 基因表达的变化与 2 型糖尿病和胰岛素抵抗的关系更为密切，而与肥胖的关系则不密切。
