Schmitt-Sody M, Pilger V, Gerdesmeyer L
MedicalPark Chiemsee, Bernau-Felden, Birkenallee 41, 83253 Bernau-Felden, Deutschland.
Orthopade. 2011 Jun;40(6):513-9. doi: 10.1007/s00132-011-1761-2.
The number of total hip replacement (THR) surgeries has increased significantly over the last few years and patients undergoing surgery are of decreasing age. In consequence the question of the influencing factors for the survival of artificial hip joints becomes more and more urgent. The expected survival time of an implant is nowadays 15-20 years and it seems that factors for a shorter lifetime are female gender, overweight, younger age and certain indications which led to surgery, such as rheumatoid arthritis or fractures. In the early phase of rehabilitation, measures against dislocation including training of the abductor muscles are most important. Starting rehabilitation programs early after surgery has positive effects on outcome, especially when strengthening programs are included. There are different opinions concerning the question how the lifetime of a THR is influenced by sports activities. However, it seems to have been demonstrated that suitable sports activities have a positive effect and do not necessarily correlate with higher loosening rates after THR. In general, high-impact sports should be avoided. Recommended activities are cycling, swimming, aquajogging, hiking, rowing and dancing.
在过去几年中，全髋关节置换（THR）手术的数量显著增加，接受手术的患者年龄越来越小。因此，人工髋关节存活的影响因素问题变得越来越紧迫。如今，植入物的预期存活时间为15至20年，似乎导致使用寿命较短的因素包括女性性别、超重、年龄较小以及导致手术的某些适应症，如类风湿性关节炎或骨折。在康复早期，预防脱位的措施，包括外展肌训练，最为重要。术后尽早开始康复计划对预后有积极影响，尤其是当包括强化计划时。关于体育活动如何影响THR使用寿命的问题存在不同观点。然而，似乎已经证明，适当的体育活动有积极作用，并不一定会导致THR术后更高的松动率。一般来说，应避免高强度运动。推荐的活动有骑自行车、游泳、水中慢跑、徒步旅行、划船和跳舞。
