Berg G, Sanjaghsaz H, Wangwongwatana S
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0071.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Jun;56(6):1571-5. doi: 10.1128/aem.56.6.1571-1575.1990.
In studies at 5 degrees C and pH 9.0, poliovirus 1 was inactivated about 15 times more rapidly by free chlorine (FC) in purified water in the presence of 1,262 mg of KCl per liter (approximately 0.0169 M) than in the absence of KCl. In the presence of 526 mg of KCl per liter, the virus was inactivated about seven times more rapidly by FC than in the absence of KCl. At a level of 21 mg/liter, KCl did not significantly potentiate the virucidal activity of FC in purified water. Although poliovirus 1 was inactivated almost three times more rapidly by FC in borate-buffered purified water than in purified water, the presence of the buffer did not alter the extent of potentiation by KCl. Most of FC exists as OCl- at pH 9.0. Tap water has been shown to markedly potentiate the polivirucidal effectiveness of FC at pH 9.0. For the same degree of virucidal potentiation of FC at this pH, a considerably greater quantity of KCl was required in purified water than the total salt content that appeared to be present in the tap water.
在5摄氏度和pH值为9.0的研究中，在每升含有1262毫克氯化钾（约0.0169摩尔）的纯净水中，脊髓灰质炎病毒1被游离氯（FC）灭活的速度比无氯化钾时快约15倍。在每升含有526毫克氯化钾的情况下，该病毒被FC灭活的速度比无氯化钾时快约7倍。在21毫克/升的水平下，氯化钾在纯净水中并未显著增强FC的杀病毒活性。尽管在硼酸盐缓冲的纯净水中脊髓灰质炎病毒1被FC灭活的速度几乎比在纯净水中快3倍，但缓冲液的存在并未改变氯化钾的增强程度。在pH值为9.0时，大部分FC以次氯酸根离子（OCl-）的形式存在。已证明自来水在pH值为9.0时能显著增强FC的杀脊髓灰质炎病毒效力。对于在此pH值下FC相同程度的杀病毒增强作用，纯净水中所需的氯化钾量比自来水中似乎存在的总盐含量要多得多。
