Zhou Wen-jiang, Gao Wen-bin, Sun Xin-ying, Luo Jing
Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2011 Jun 18;43(3):386-90.
To explore the characteristics of resilience of urban migrant children and rural left-behind children of Chinese farmer workers and to figure out the discrepancy between them.
The samples consisted of 1 391 primary students and middle school students from Chengdu, Guangyuan, Yibin, and Mianyang in Sichuan Province. The revised version of the Healthy Kids Resilience Assessment was used for the measurement of resilience. And ANOVA was performed for data analysis.
The results of the present study indicated that among all the junior high students, urban migrant children got a significantly lower score of resilience (128.11±21.70) than rural left-behind children (135.61±22.77) and the control group (132.87±23.22), F(0.05 (2, 884))=8.076, P<0.001. And migrant children got lower scores on three external protective factors of resilience-family, school, community as well as on resilience traits than left-behind children and the control group (Family: F(0.05(2, 884))=7.820, P<0.001; School: F(0.05(2, 884))=5.041, P=0.007; Community: F(0.05(2, 884))=9.261, P<0.001; Resilience traits: F(0.05(2, 884))=3.510, P=0.030). No significant difference was noted between left-behind children and control group. Gender difference and grade difference were noted for each group.
The resilience of migrant children was not so good as non-migrant children. Migrant children were enjoying less intimate interpersonal relationship in their schools, their families as well as their community, and they could get less psychological support from the external environment, so that migrant children could not develop some resilience traits to promote the sound development of themselves. Suggestions for intervention were also discussed.
探讨中国农民工随迁子女和农村留守儿童的心理韧性特点，找出两者之间的差异。
样本包括来自四川省成都、广元、宜宾和绵阳的1391名中小学生。采用修订版的《健康儿童心理韧性评估量表》测量心理韧性，并进行方差分析以进行数据分析。
本研究结果表明，在所有初中生中，农民工随迁子女的心理韧性得分（128.11±21.70）显著低于农村留守儿童（135.61±22.77）和对照组（132.87±23.22），F(0.05 (2, 884)) = 8.076，P < 0.001。随迁子女在心理韧性的三个外部保护因素——家庭、学校、社区以及心理韧性特质方面的得分均低于留守儿童和对照组（家庭：F(0.05(2, 884)) = 7.820，P < 0.001；学校：F(0.05(2, 884)) = 5.041，P = 0.007；社区：F(0.05(2, 884)) = 9.261，P < 0.001；心理韧性特质：F(0.05(2, 884)) = 3.510，P = 0.030）。留守儿童和对照组之间未发现显著差异。每组均存在性别差异和年级差异。
随迁子女的心理韧性不如非随迁子女。随迁子女在学校、家庭和社区中人际关系不够亲密，从外部环境获得的心理支持较少，因此随迁子女无法发展出一些心理韧性特质来促进自身的健康发展。还讨论了干预建议。
