Kestin M, Moss R, Clifton P M, Nestel P J
CSIRO Division of Human Nutrition, Adelaide, Australia.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1990 Oct;52(4):661-6. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/52.4.661.
Dietary fiber lowers atherogenic serum lipids and blood pressure and improves glucose metabolism. We compared in 24 mildly hypercholesterolemic men the effects of adding 11.8 g dietary fiber/d from each of three cereal brans (wheat, rice, and oat) to a low-fiber diet for 4 wk each. A double-blind, crossover design incorporated brans into bread and muffins. Plasma total- and low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations were significantly lowered only by oat bran. Compared with wheat bran, the ratios of plasma high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol to total cholesterol and of apolipoprotein A-I to B were significantly increased with oat bran (both by 4.7%, P less than 0.05), and rice bran (2.3%, P less than 0.05, and 3.9%, P less than 0.05, respectively). Blood pressure, blood glucose, and serum insulin responses to a common test meal were unaltered. Oat and rice bran exert a small but potentially useful effect on plasma lipoprotein risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
膳食纤维可降低致动脉粥样硬化的血脂和血压，并改善葡萄糖代谢。我们对24名轻度高胆固醇血症男性进行了比较，让他们在低纤维饮食基础上，分别连续4周每天添加11.8克来自三种谷物麸皮（小麦、大米和燕麦）中的每一种的膳食纤维。采用双盲交叉设计，将麸皮添加到面包和松饼中。仅燕麦麸可显著降低血浆总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度。与小麦麸相比，燕麦麸（均升高4.7%，P<0.05）和米糠（分别升高2.3%，P<0.05和3.9%，P<0.05）可使血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与总胆固醇的比率以及载脂蛋白A-I与B的比率显著升高。对普通测试餐的血压、血糖和血清胰岛素反应未发生改变。燕麦麸和米糠对心血管疾病的血浆脂蛋白危险因素有微小但可能有益的影响。
