Sawant Sandhya S, Agrawal Sachee R, Shastri Jayanthi S, Pawaskar Medha, Kadam Pradeep
Department of Microbiology, B.Y.L. Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, India.
J Lab Physicians. 2011 Jan;3(1):12-4. doi: 10.4103/0974-2727.78554.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the most powerful risk factor for the progression of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection to Tuberculosis (TB) disease. TB accelerates the progression of HIV infection to AIDS and shortens the survival of such patients.
To determine the seroprevalence of HIV infection among TB confirmed patients in a tertiary care center in Mumbai in view of the significance of HIV in TB. Its association with gender and age was also determined.
Blood samples were collected by venipuncture from 432 TB patients and their HIV status was determined. HIV antibody detection was carried out as per Strategy III, National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO) guidelines. Statistical analysis was carried out by applying the Chi-square test.
Of the 432 patients screened, 9% (39) were HIV positive. The prevalence of co-infection was higher among females (9.4%) than the male (8.7%) patients and highest amongst those aged 21to40 years (13.7%). Co-infection was found to be statistically highly associated with age (p < 0.05). This high prevalence calls for routine screening of TB patients for HIV infection.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）是结核分枝杆菌感染进展为结核病（TB）的最主要危险因素。结核病会加速HIV感染向获得性免疫综合征（AIDS）的进展，并缩短此类患者的生存期。
鉴于HIV在结核病中的重要性，确定孟买一家三级护理中心确诊结核病患者中HIV感染的血清流行率。还确定了其与性别和年龄的关联。
通过静脉穿刺从432名结核病患者采集血样，并确定其HIV状态。按照国家艾滋病控制组织（NACO）指南的策略III进行HIV抗体检测。采用卡方检验进行统计分析。
在筛查的432名患者中，9%（39名）为HIV阳性。女性（9.4%）的合并感染率高于男性（8.7%）患者，且在21至40岁年龄组中最高（13.7%）。发现合并感染与年龄在统计学上高度相关（p < 0.05）。这种高流行率要求对结核病患者进行HIV感染的常规筛查。
