Castilla Jesús, Guevara Marcela, García Cenoz Manuel, Irisarri Fátima, Arriazu Maite, Barricarte Aurelio
Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Leyre 15, Pamplona.
Rev Esp Salud Publica. 2011 Jan-Feb;85(1):105-11. doi: 10.1590/S1135-57272011000100013.
A specific vaccination campaign against influenza A (H1N1) was conducted in 2009. We evaluated its impact in Navarre.
In the cohort of non-institutionalised population with chronic diseases covered by the Navarre Health Service (n=131,333), assuming 100% effectiveness from day 8 after administration of the pandemic vaccine, we estimated its impact on the prevention of influenza A (H1N1) 2009 cases and hospitalisations between weeks 47/2009 and 3/2010.
In the nine weeks of the study, 973 cases of influenza syndrome were diagnosed (7 per 1000); but only 28% were due to influenza A (H1N1) 2009. In addition, there were 14 hospitalisations with virological confirmation (11 per 100,000). With 19% coverage with the pandemic vaccine (versus 40% with the seasonal vaccine), 7.7% of cases and 10.5% of hospitalisations were prevented during the study period. For each case prevented, 1092 doses of pandemic vaccine were administered, and for each hospitalisation avoided 15,021 doses were administered. If coverage had been the same as for the seasonal vaccine, it would have been possible to prevent 16.2% of cases and 22.2% of hospitalisations. If coverage had been double than for the seasonal vaccine and vaccination campaign had taken place two weeks earlier, it would have been possible to prevent 70.7% of cases and 68.0% of hospitalizations, with 261 doses needed to prevent one case and 6206 doses to avoid one hospitalisation.
Despite the high effectiveness of the vaccine, its impact in Navarre has been minimal due to low coverage and late initiation of the vaccination campaign.
2009年开展了针对甲型H1N1流感的特定疫苗接种活动。我们评估了其在纳瓦拉地区的影响。
在纳瓦拉卫生服务所覆盖的患有慢性病的非机构化人群队列中（n = 131,333），假设大流行疫苗接种后第8天起疫苗效果为100%，我们估算了其对2009年第47周/2009年至2010年第3周期间甲型H1N1流感病例及住院治疗的预防效果。
在研究的九周内，共诊断出973例流感综合征病例（每1000人中有7例）；但仅有28%是由2009年甲型H1N1流感所致。此外，有14例经病毒学确诊的住院病例（每10万人中有11例）。大流行疫苗接种覆盖率为19%（季节性疫苗接种覆盖率为40%），在研究期间预防了7.7%的病例和10.5%的住院治疗。每预防一例病例，需接种1092剂大流行疫苗；每避免一例住院治疗，需接种15,021剂。若接种覆盖率与季节性疫苗相同，则有可能预防16.2%的病例和22.2%的住院治疗。若接种覆盖率为季节性疫苗的两倍且疫苗接种活动提前两周开展，则有可能预防70.7%的病例和68.0%的住院治疗，预防一例病例需261剂疫苗，避免一例住院治疗需6206剂疫苗。
尽管疫苗有效性高，但由于接种覆盖率低且疫苗接种活动启动较晚，其在纳瓦拉地区的影响微乎其微。
