Department of Environment Pollution Biophysics, University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland.
Eur J Nutr. 2012 Jun;51(4):435-43. doi: 10.1007/s00394-011-0227-y. Epub 2011 Jul 14.
Four polyphenols: ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid (hydroxycinnamic acids), quercetin (flavonol) and cyanidin 3-glucoside (anthocyanin) were selected, and their antioxidant properties and their influence on cholesterol concentration in hypercholesterolemic and normal erythrocytes were investigated.
To determine the effect of phenolic compounds, we prospectively studied cholesterol concentration, lipid peroxidation and membranes fluidity. Whole-blood and isolated erythrocytes (2% hematocrit) were incubated for 24 h with selected compounds at concentration 1, 10 and 100 μmol/L. All investigated compounds decreased lipid peroxidation in whole blood. Cyanidin 3-glucoside and quercetin showed higher antioxidant properties than hydroxycinnamic acids (ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid).
Incubation of whole blood of hypercholesterolemic patients with quercetin and cyanidin 3-glucoside resulted in statistically significant reduction of cholesterol concentration in erythrocytes down to 75% (at 10 μmol/L of polyphenols) and 69% (at 100 μmol/L of polyphenols) of initial values. The effect of both compounds on isolated erythrocytes was even more pronounced, reduction down to 70% (at 10 μmol/L of polyphenols) and 58% (at 100 μmol/L of polyphenols) of initial values. After incubation of isolated erythrocytes of hypercholesterolemic patients with quercetin and cyanidin 3-glucoside, increase of membrane fluidity was noticed. After incubation of isolated erythrocytes of healthy donors with investigated compounds, no changes in membrane fluidity were observed.
Our results indicate that flavonols and anthocyanins have higher antioxidant properties and higher influence on cholesterol concentration in erythrocytes membranes than simple hydroxycinnamic acids.
选择 4 种多酚类物质：阿魏酸和对香豆酸（羟基肉桂酸）、槲皮素（黄酮醇）和矢车菊素 3-葡萄糖苷（花青素），研究它们的抗氧化特性及其对高胆固醇血症和正常红细胞中胆固醇浓度的影响。
为了确定酚类化合物的作用，我们前瞻性地研究了胆固醇浓度、脂质过氧化和膜流动性。用选定的化合物在浓度为 1、10 和 100 μmol/L 下孵育全血和分离的红细胞（2%红细胞压积）24 小时。所有研究的化合物均降低全血中的脂质过氧化。矢车菊素 3-葡萄糖苷和槲皮素的抗氧化性能高于羟基肉桂酸（阿魏酸和对香豆酸）。
高胆固醇血症患者的全血与槲皮素和矢车菊素 3-葡萄糖苷孵育后，红细胞中的胆固醇浓度降低至初始值的 75%（在 10 μmol/L 的多酚类物质）和 69%（在 100 μmol/L 的多酚类物质）。两种化合物对分离的红细胞的作用更为明显，降低至初始值的 70%（在 10 μmol/L 的多酚类物质）和 58%（在 100 μmol/L 的多酚类物质）。高胆固醇血症患者的分离红细胞与槲皮素和矢车菊素 3-葡萄糖苷孵育后，发现膜流动性增加。与健康供体的分离红细胞孵育后，未观察到膜流动性的变化。
我们的结果表明，黄酮醇和花青素比简单的羟基肉桂酸具有更高的抗氧化特性和对红细胞膜中胆固醇浓度的更大影响。
