Alcohol Treatment Centre, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2011 Oct;35(10):1822-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01526.x. Epub 2011 Jul 20.
Heavy drinking is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in young men. Brief motivational intervention (BMI) has shown promising results for young people, but has never been tested in young men in the community who volunteered to receive an intervention.
We evaluated the effectiveness of BMI in reducing alcohol use among heavy episodic users and in maintaining low-risk drinking among nonheavy episodic users. Participants were French-speaking young men attending the mandatory Swiss army conscription process. They were offered the opportunity to receive a 20-minute BMI, and those interested were randomized into an intervention group (BMI immediately) or into a control group (BMI after the 6-month follow-up assessment, in a waiting list design). Analyses were conducted separately for heavy and nonheavy episodic users (separated using baseline heavy episodic use frequency) as the hypotheses tested were different between both groups (primary vs. secondary prevention intervention).
From a pool of 6,085 young men invited to receive BMI, 727 (11.9%) showed up and 572 were included in the study (after exclusions related to organizational aspects of the conscription process). Among nonheavy episodic users, there was a protective effect of BMI on weekly alcohol use (p < 0.05). Among heavy episodic users, there were no significant effects of BMI.
About 12% of young men were interested in addressing their drinking within the BMI framework, suggesting that there is some need for easily accessible alcohol intervention. The present intervention did have a preventive effect among low-risk young drinkers in helping them maintain their patterns of alcohol use. An explanation for the lack of effectiveness among heavy episodic users might be that those individuals interested in BMI had patterns of more severe alcohol use, thereby making change more difficult.
酗酒是导致年轻人发病率和死亡率上升的主要原因之一。简短动机干预（BMI）已被证明对年轻人有效，但从未在社区中自愿接受干预的年轻男性中进行过测试。
我们评估了 BMI 在减少重度间歇性使用者的饮酒量和维持非重度间歇性使用者低风险饮酒方面的有效性。参与者为参加瑞士强制性兵役体检的法语年轻人。他们有机会接受 20 分钟的 BMI，有兴趣的人被随机分配到干预组（BMI 立即进行）或对照组（BMI 在 6 个月随访评估后进行，采用等待名单设计）。对重度和非重度间歇性使用者分别进行分析（根据基线重度间歇性使用频率进行划分），因为两组的假设检验不同（初级与二级预防干预）。
在邀请 6085 名年轻人接受 BMI 的人中，有 727 人（11.9%）出现，572 人被纳入研究（排除与兵役过程的组织方面相关的排除）。在非重度间歇性使用者中，BMI 对每周饮酒量有保护作用（p < 0.05）。在重度间歇性使用者中，BMI 没有显著效果。
约 12%的年轻男性有兴趣在 BMI 框架内解决他们的饮酒问题，这表明有一定的需求需要方便获得的酒精干预。本研究中的干预措施对低风险年轻饮酒者确实有预防作用，帮助他们维持饮酒模式。对于重度间歇性使用者干预无效的一种解释可能是，那些对 BMI 感兴趣的人有更严重的饮酒模式，因此更难以改变。
