Mucosal Immunology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Immunity. 2011 Jul 22;35(1):13-22. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2011.07.002.
Vitamin A elicits a broad array of immune responses through its metabolite, retinoic acid (RA). Recent evidence indicates that loss of RA leads to impaired immunity, whereas excess RA can potentially promote inflammatory disorders. In this review, we discuss recent advances showcasing the crucial contributions of RA to both immunological tolerance and the elicitation of adaptive immune responses. Further, we provide a comprehensive overview of the cell types and factors that control the production of RA and discuss how host perturbations may affect the ability of this metabolite to control tolerance and immunity or to instigate pathology.
维生素 A 通过其代谢产物视黄酸 (RA) 引发广泛的免疫反应。最近的证据表明，RA 的缺失会导致免疫功能受损，而过量的 RA 则可能促进炎症性疾病。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了最近的进展，这些进展展示了 RA 对免疫耐受和适应性免疫反应的产生的重要贡献。此外，我们还全面概述了控制 RA 产生的细胞类型和因素，并讨论了宿主的干扰如何影响这种代谢物控制耐受和免疫的能力，或者引发病理。
