Institute of Public Health, Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
J Formos Med Assoc. 2011 Aug;110(8):501-10. doi: 10.1016/S0929-6646(11)60076-4.
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Tuberculosis (TB) remains an important infectious disease in Taiwan. To control TB effectively, the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control implemented the National Tuberculosis Program (NTP) in 2006, modeled on the World Health Organization global TB control program. The goal of the program was to reduce the number of TB cases by half within a decade. This study was designed to describe the epidemiology of TB in Taiwan, and to evaluate the preliminary effectiveness of the NTP.
We conducted a retrospective study of data from the National Tuberculosis Registry System collected between 2002 and 2008. Demographics, geographic distribution of disease, and change in rates of TB incidence and mortality were analyzed.
From 2002 to 2008, new TB cases declined from 16,758 to 14,265, and incidence decreased from 75 per 100,000 population to 62 per 100,000 population. More than 50% of new cases occurred among elderly adults. Over the study period, TB mortality decreased from 5.7 per 100,000 population to 3.3 per 100,000 population, with over half of TB deaths occurring among patients aged ≥ 65 years. Since the NTP was implemented, from 2005 to 2008, TB incidence and mortality declined by 14% and 23%, respectively.
TB-associated incidence and mortality decreased over the course of the study. Nevertheless, there continue to be high-incidence areas that show the opposite trend; these areas should strive to improve case management and consultation. In the most populous districts, rigorous surveillance is necessary to track incidence and mortality rate fluctuations.
背景/目的：结核病（TB）仍然是台湾的重要传染病。为了有效控制结核病，台湾疾病管制署于 2006 年实施了国家结核病计划（NTP），该计划是世界卫生组织全球结核病控制计划的模型。该计划的目标是在十年内将结核病病例数量减少一半。本研究旨在描述台湾的结核病流行病学，并评估 NTP 的初步效果。
我们对 2002 年至 2008 年期间国家结核病登记系统收集的数据进行了回顾性研究。分析了人口统计学，疾病的地理分布以及结核病发病率和死亡率的变化。
从 2002 年到 2008 年，新的结核病病例从 16758 例下降到 14265 例，发病率从每 10 万人 75 例下降到每 10 万人 62 例。超过 50％的新病例发生在老年人中。在研究期间，结核病死亡率从每 10 万人 5.7 例下降到每 10 万人 3.3 例，超过一半的结核病死亡发生在年龄≥65 岁的患者中。自 NTP 实施以来，从 2005 年到 2008 年，结核病的发病率和死亡率分别下降了 14％和 23％。
在研究过程中，与结核病相关的发病率和死亡率有所下降。尽管如此，仍有高发病率地区显示出相反的趋势；这些地区应努力改善病例管理和咨询。在人口最多的地区，必须进行严格的监测，以跟踪发病率和死亡率的波动。
