踝部系带护具对高中生篮球运动员受伤率的影响。
The effect of lace-up ankle braces on injury rates in high school basketball players.
机构信息
UW Health Sports Medicine Center, Madison, WI 53711, USA.
出版信息
Am J Sports Med. 2011 Sep;39(9):1840-8. doi: 10.1177/0363546511406242. Epub 2011 Jul 27.
BACKGROUND
Ankle injuries are the most common injury in basketball players. However, no prospective studies have been performed to determine if wearing lace-up ankle braces will reduce the incidence of ankle injuries in high school athletes.
PURPOSE
This trial was undertaken to determine if lace-up ankle braces reduce the incidence and severity of acute first-time and recurrent ankle injuries sustained by high school basketball players.
DESIGN
Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1.
METHODS
A total of 1460 male and female basketball players from 46 high schools were randomly assigned to a braced or control group. The braced group players wore lace-up ankle braces during the 2009-2010 basketball season. Athletic trainers recorded brace compliance, athlete exposures, and injuries. Cox proportional hazards models (adjusted for demographic covariates), accounting for intracluster correlation, were utilized to compare time to first acute ankle injury between groups. Injury severity (days lost) was tested with the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
RESULTS
The rate of acute ankle injury (per 1000 exposures) was 0.47 in the braced group and 1.41 in the control group (Cox hazard ratio [HR] 0.32; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.20, 0.52; P < .001). The median severity of acute ankle injuries was similar (P = .23) in the braced (6 days) and control group (7 days). For players with a previous ankle injury, the incidence of acute ankle injury was 0.83 in the braced group and 1.79 in the control group (Cox HR 0.39; 95% CI 0.17, 0.90; P = .028). For players who did not report a previous ankle injury, the incidence of acute ankle injury was 0.40 in the braced group and 1.35 in the control group (Cox HR 0.30; 95% CI 0.17, 0.52, P < .001).
CONCLUSION
Use of lace-up ankle braces reduced the incidence but not the severity of acute ankle injuries in male and female high school basketball athletes both with and without a previous history of an ankle injury.
背景
踝关节损伤是篮球运动员中最常见的损伤。然而，目前还没有前瞻性研究来确定穿系带式踝部支具是否会降低高中生运动员踝关节损伤的发生率。
目的
本试验旨在确定系带式踝部支具是否能降低高中篮球运动员初次急性和复发性踝关节损伤的发生率和严重程度。
设计
随机对照试验；证据水平，1 级。
方法
共有来自 46 所高中的 1460 名男女篮球运动员被随机分配到支具组或对照组。支具组球员在 2009-2010 篮球赛季佩戴系带式踝部支具。运动训练员记录支具的使用依从性、运动员的暴露情况和损伤情况。采用 Cox 比例风险模型（根据人口统计学协变量进行调整），并考虑到组内相关性，比较两组间首次急性踝关节损伤的时间。采用 Wilcoxon 秩和检验比较损伤严重程度（损失的天数）。
结果
支具组的急性踝关节损伤发生率（每 1000 次暴露）为 0.47，对照组为 1.41（Cox 风险比 [HR] 0.32；95%置信区间 [CI] 0.20，0.52；P < 0.001）。支具组（6 天）和对照组（7 天）急性踝关节损伤的严重程度中位数相似（P =.23）。对于有既往踝关节损伤的运动员，支具组的急性踝关节损伤发生率为 0.83，对照组为 1.79（Cox HR 0.39；95% CI 0.17，0.90；P =.028）。对于没有报告既往踝关节损伤的运动员，支具组的急性踝关节损伤发生率为 0.40，对照组为 1.35（Cox HR 0.30；95% CI 0.17，0.52，P < 0.001）。
结论
在有或没有既往踝关节损伤史的男女高中生篮球运动员中，使用系带式踝部支具可降低急性踝关节损伤的发生率，但不能降低损伤严重程度。
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