University of Belgrade - Faculty of Forestry, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
Environ Manage. 2011 Oct;48(4):835-46. doi: 10.1007/s00267-011-9725-1. Epub 2011 Jul 29.
Exploitation of certain resources within a protected area on a sustainable basis could contribute to higher living standards of rural people, particularly those in poor countries, and decrease conflicts between these populations and park authorities. This article presents data from a case study of Kopaonik National Park (NP), Serbia, which is a park with natural resources, most notably bilberries, which have always been relied on by local people. Vaccinium myrtillus traditionally has been collected for decades in Kopaonik NP and used by local people. However, little is known about the socioeconomic and ecological relations that affect the collection and use of this species. The aim of the present study was to understand how local people collect bilberries in Kopaonik NP and what their attitudes toward the park are. Household questionnaire data were used to examine how local people collect bilberries and how to improve the relations between local people and NP authorities. The survey questionnaire included 52 households from 7 local communities, and we applied a purposive sampling strategy. In addition, expert interviews were conducted, and from these data we obtained a broader understanding of the relation between local people and NP authorities. The results indicate that in Kopaonik NP, there is a conflict between pickers and NP authorities. Sustainable management should be directed toward the protection of bilberries. Education of local people is a key element in the sustainable collection and protection of natural resources.
在可持续的基础上开发保护区内的某些资源，可以提高农村人民，特别是贫困国家人民的生活水平，并减少这些人与公园管理部门之间的冲突。本文介绍了来自塞尔维亚科帕奥尼克国家公园（Kopaonik NP）案例研究的数据，该公园拥有自然资源，尤其是越橘，当地人民一直依赖这种资源。Vaccinium myrtillus 传统上在 Kopaonik NP 中已经被采集了几十年，并被当地人民使用。然而，对于影响该物种采集和使用的社会经济和生态关系，人们知之甚少。本研究的目的是了解当地人如何在 Kopaonik NP 中采集越橘，以及他们对公园的态度。我们使用家庭调查问卷数据来研究当地人如何采集越橘，以及如何改善当地人与 NP 当局之间的关系。调查问卷包括来自 7 个当地社区的 52 户家庭，我们采用了有目的的抽样策略。此外，还进行了专家访谈，从这些数据中我们获得了对当地人与 NP 当局之间关系的更广泛理解。结果表明，在 Kopaonik NP 中，采摘者和 NP 当局之间存在冲突。可持续管理应该针对越橘的保护。对当地人的教育是可持续采集和保护自然资源的关键要素。
