Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2012 Apr;59(2):183-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01250.x. Epub 2011 Aug 1.
A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the transmission of swine influenza through occupational exposure and to assess some risk factors for zoonotic transmission in workers from commercial farms in Mexico. Seroprevalence to swine influenza subtypes was determined by hemagglutinin inhibition assay and was higher in exposed (E), in comparison with unexposed (UE) participants (P<0.05). Percentages of seropositivity between UE and E were 28.57% and 19.35% to A/NewCaledonia/20/99 (H1N1), 68.25% and 33.87% to A/Panama/2001/99-like (H3N2), 1.58% and 12.9% to A/Sw/England/163266/87 (H3N2), respectively. No antibodies were detected against A/Sw/Wisconsin/238/97 (H1N1) in the UE subjects, and only 3.22% were positive in the E group (P<0.05). A significant association between elevated antibody titres to swine influenza virus (SIV) H3N2 and the exposition to swine [OR 3.05, 95% (CI) 1.65-5.64] and to geographic location [OR 8.15, 95% (CI) 1.41-47.05] was found. Vaccination appeared as a protective factor [OR 0.05, 95% (CI) 0.01-0.52]. Farms with high number of breeding herd were associated with increased anti-SIV antibodies in the E group [OR 3.98, 95% (CI) 1.00-15.86]. These findings are relevant and support the evidence of zoonoses in swine farms and point out the need to implement preventive measures to diminish the occurrence of the disease and the potential emergence of pathogenic reassortant strains.
本研究旨在评估墨西哥商业农场中职业性暴露对猪流感传播的影响，并评估一些与人间传播相关的风险因素。采用血凝抑制试验检测猪流感亚型血清抗体阳性率，结果显示暴露组（E）与非暴露组（UE）相比，血清抗体阳性率更高（P<0.05）。与 UE 相比，E 组的 A/NewCaledonia/20/99（H1N1）、A/Panama/2001/99-like（H3N2）和 A/Sw/England/163266/87（H3N2）血清抗体阳性率分别为 28.57%和 19.35%、68.25%和 33.87%、1.58%和 12.9%。UE 组未检测到针对 A/Sw/Wisconsin/238/97（H1N1）的抗体，而 E 组只有 3.22%呈阳性（P<0.05）。E 组血清 H3N2 抗体水平升高与接触猪[比值比（OR）3.05，95%置信区间（CI）1.65-5.64]和地理位置（OR 8.15，95% CI 1.41-47.05）显著相关。接种疫苗被认为是一个保护因素（OR 0.05，95% CI 0.01-0.52）。E 组中，繁殖猪数量较高的农场与抗-SIV 抗体增加相关（OR 3.98，95% CI 1.00-15.86）。这些发现具有相关性，支持了猪群中发生人畜共患病的证据，并指出需要采取预防措施来减少疾病的发生和潜在的致病重组株的出现。
