EQA-CTC/UFSC, Chemical and Food Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
Talanta. 2011 Sep 15;85(3):1383-91. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.06.018. Epub 2011 Jun 17.
The main residue from the shrimp processing is formed by head and carapace and represents from 40 to 50% (w/w) of the integral shrimp. The recovery of the carotenoid fraction from this residue stands for an alternative to increase its aggregated value. Therefore, the objective of this study was to use the pink shrimp waste as raw material to obtain carotenoid enriched extracts, evaluating different pre-treatments and extraction methods. The shrimp waste was supplied by a local public market (Florianópolis, SC, Brazil). The investigation of the different pre-treatments applied to the raw material shows that cooking associated with milling and drying produced the extract richest in carotenoid fraction. The extraction methods considered in this work were Soxhlet, maceration and ultrasound by means of different organic solvents and also a vegetable oil as solvent. The extracts were evaluated in terms of yield, carotenoid profile, total carotenoid content (TCC), UV-Visible scanning spectrophotometry and mid-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results indicate that shrimp waste can provide carotenoid enriched extracts, particularly astaxanthin, in concentrations up to 252 μg(astaxanthin)g(extract)(-1). The most adequate solvents were acetone and hexane: isopropanol (50:50, v/v) used in the maceration procedure. The UV-Vis results revealed the presence of carotenoids and flavonoids in the extracts while the FTIR spectroscopy indicated the existence of fatty acids, proteins, and phenolics.
虾加工的主要副产物由头和壳组成，占整个虾的 40%至 50%（w/w）。从该副产物中回收类胡萝卜素部分代表了增加其总价值的一种替代方法。因此，本研究的目的是使用粉红色虾废料作为原料来获得富含类胡萝卜素的提取物，评估不同的预处理和提取方法。虾废料由当地公共市场（巴西弗洛里亚诺波利斯）供应。对应用于原料的不同预处理的研究表明，烹饪与研磨和干燥相结合，可生产出类胡萝卜素含量最丰富的提取物。本工作中考虑的提取方法包括索氏提取、浸渍提取和超声提取，使用了不同的有机溶剂和一种植物油作为溶剂。提取物的产率、类胡萝卜素谱、总类胡萝卜素含量（TCC）、紫外可见扫描分光光度法和中傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）进行了评估。结果表明，虾废料可以提供富含类胡萝卜素的提取物，特别是虾青素，浓度高达 252μg(虾青素)g(提取物)(-1)。最适宜的溶剂是在浸渍过程中使用的丙酮和正己烷：异丙醇（50:50，v/v）。UV-Vis 结果表明提取物中存在类胡萝卜素和类黄酮，而 FTIR 光谱表明存在脂肪酸、蛋白质和酚类。
