George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
J Immigr Minor Health. 2012 Jun;14(3):413-9. doi: 10.1007/s10903-011-9511-4.
More than 60% of Bosnian refugees in the United States may be current smokers. Examining health beliefs can provide insight into smoking behaviors in this community. Four hundred ninety-nine Bosnians were interviewed about health beliefs and personal health risks related to smoking. ANOVA was used to compare current, former, and never smokers. General health beliefs were significantly different by smoking status with medium effect sizes (P < .001; η(2) = 0.04-0.06); current smokers were less likely to agree that smokers live shorter lives and that smokers are more likely to get heart disease. Significant differences with large effect sizes (P < .001; η(2) = 0.11-0.29) were found in perception of personal risk of lung cancer and heart disease among current, former, and never smokers. Current smokers perceived their own health risks as less severe than those of other smokers. High smoking rates and smokers' optimism related to health indicate that culturally tailored educational and cessation interventions are needed for Bosnian refugee communities.
超过 60%的美国波斯尼亚难民可能是当前吸烟者。研究健康信念可以深入了解这个社区的吸烟行为。499 名波斯尼亚人接受了有关健康信念和与吸烟有关的个人健康风险的采访。采用方差分析比较了当前吸烟者、曾经吸烟者和从不吸烟者。当前吸烟者的一般健康信念因吸烟状况而异，具有中等效应大小（P <.001；η(2) = 0.04-0.06）；他们不太可能同意吸烟者寿命更短以及吸烟者更容易患心脏病的观点。当前吸烟者、曾经吸烟者和从不吸烟者对肺癌和心脏病的个人患病风险的看法存在显著差异，且效应较大（P <.001；η(2) = 0.11-0.29）。当前吸烟者认为自己的健康风险不如其他吸烟者严重。高吸烟率和与健康相关的吸烟者的乐观态度表明，需要针对波斯尼亚难民社区进行文化适应的教育和戒烟干预。
