Behavior Therapy Associates, LLP, Albuquerque, NM 87112, USA.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2012 Mar;26(1):1-12. doi: 10.1037/a0024753. Epub 2011 Aug 8.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a computer-delivered intervention (CDI) to reduce heavy drinking and alcohol-related problems in college students in two randomized clinical trials. In Experiment 1, we randomized 144 students to either the CDI or an assessment-only control group with follow-ups at 1 and 12 months. In Experiment 2, we randomized 82 students to either the CDI or a delayed-assessment control group with follow-up at 1 month. In Experiment 1, participants in both groups significantly reduced their drinking at both follow-ups. Compared to the control group, the CDI group reduced their drinking significantly more at 1 and 12 months on three drinking measures at α < .05. Using a more conservative, Bonferroni-adjusted criterion yielded one significant difference in a measure of heavier drinking at the 1 month follow-up. The mean between-groups effect sizes were d = .34 and .36 at 1 and 12 months, respectively. Experiment 2. Compared to the delayed assessment control group, the CDI group significantly reduced (by the Bonferroni-adjusted criterion) their drinking on all consumption measures. These results support the effectiveness of the CDI with heavy drinking college students when used in a clinical setting. In addition, the significant reductions in typical drinking in the control group in Experiment 1 and not in Experiment 2 combined with comparable baseline characteristics suggests that the control group in Experiment 1 demonstrated assessment reactivity.
本研究旨在评估计算机干预（CDI）对减少大学生重度饮酒和与酒精相关问题的有效性，共进行了两项随机临床试验。在实验 1 中，我们将 144 名学生随机分为 CDI 组或仅评估对照组，在 1 个月和 12 个月时进行随访。在实验 2 中，我们将 82 名学生随机分为 CDI 组或延迟评估对照组，在 1 个月时进行随访。在实验 1 中，两组参与者在两次随访中均显著减少了饮酒量。与对照组相比，CDI 组在 1 个月和 12 个月时，在三个饮酒测量指标上的饮酒量显著减少，差异具有统计学意义（α <.05）。使用更保守的 Bonferroni 校正标准，在 1 个月的随访中，有一项较重饮酒测量指标存在显著差异。1 个月和 12 个月时的组间平均效应大小分别为 d =.34 和.36。实验 2. 与延迟评估对照组相比，CDI 组在所有饮酒量测量指标上的饮酒量均显著减少（采用 Bonferroni 校正标准）。这些结果支持了在临床环境中使用 CDI 对重度饮酒大学生的有效性。此外，在实验 1 中对照组的典型饮酒量显著减少（采用 Bonferroni 校正标准）而在实验 2 中没有减少，同时两组具有可比的基线特征，这表明实验 1 中的对照组表现出评估反应性。
