不信任的发展。
The development of distrust.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0109, USA.
出版信息
Child Dev. 2011 Sep-Oct;82(5):1372-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01629.x. Epub 2011 Aug 8.
Abstract
Preschool-age children's reasoning about the reliability of deceptive sources was investigated. Ninety 3- to 5-year-olds watched several trials in which an informant gave advice about the location of a hidden sticker. Informants were either helpers who were happy to give correct advice, or trickers who were happy to give incorrect advice. Three-year-olds tended to accept all advice from both helpers and trickers. Four-year-olds were more skeptical but showed no preference for advice from helpers over trickers, even though they differentiated between helpers and trickers on metacognitive measures. Five-year-olds systematically preferred advice from helpers. Selective trust was associated with children's ability to make mental state inferences.
摘要
本研究旨在探讨学龄前儿童对欺骗性信息源可靠性的推理能力。90 名 3 至 5 岁的儿童观看了几个试验，其中一个信息提供者就隐藏贴纸的位置提供了建议。信息提供者要么是乐于提供正确建议的助手，要么是乐于提供错误建议的骗子。三岁的儿童倾向于接受助手和骗子的所有建议。四岁的儿童更加怀疑，但对来自助手的建议没有表现出偏好，尽管他们在元认知测量上对助手和骗子进行了区分。五岁的儿童则系统地偏爱助手的建议。选择性信任与儿童进行心理状态推理的能力有关。
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