Oliveira Poliani, Sperandio Evandro, Fernandes Kelly R, Pastor Fabio A C, Nonaka Keico O, Renno Ana C M
Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brasil.
Rev Bras Fisioter. 2011 May-Jun;15(3):200-5.
Electrophysical agents such as Ultrasound (US) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) have been increasingly used in physical therapy practice. Studies suggest that these devices are able to stimulate osteoblast proliferation and osteogenesis at the fracture site, resulting in a greater deposition of bone mass and speeding up the consolidation process.
The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of US and LLLT on the bone healing process, through biomechanical and histological analysis of the bone callus.
A total of 30 rats were randomly allocated into three groups: control group fracture without treatment (GC); fracture group treated with pulsed US, burst 1.5 MHz, 200 us, 1 KHz, 30 mW/cm² (GUS) and fracture group treated with laser 830 nm, 100 mW, 120 J/cm² (GL). Bone defects were performed with a circular drill of 2mm in diameter in the animal's tibias. The treatments were carried out after surgery consisting of 7 applications every 48 hours. After 14 days the animals were sacrificed and the tibias were removed to perform the analysis, being the right tibia designated for biomechanical analysis, while the left tibia for histological analysis.
The biomechanical analysis showed no statistically significant difference between biomechanical properties of the CG, CL and GUS. In morphometric analysis, both GUS and GL showed a significantly higher woven bone tissue area compared to the control group. However, when the two treatment modalities were compared, there were no statistical differences between them.
Both devices used in this study were able to accelerate the bone healing process in rats.
诸如超声（US）和低强度激光疗法（LLLT）等电物理因子在物理治疗实践中的应用日益广泛。研究表明，这些设备能够刺激骨折部位的成骨细胞增殖和骨生成，从而增加骨量沉积并加速愈合过程。
本研究旨在通过对骨痂进行生物力学和组织学分析，探讨超声和低强度激光疗法对骨愈合过程的影响。
总共30只大鼠被随机分为三组：未治疗的骨折对照组（GC）；接受脉冲超声治疗的骨折组，频率1.5MHz，脉冲宽度200μs，频率1kHz，功率30mW/cm²（GUS）；以及接受波长830nm、功率100mW、能量密度120J/cm²激光治疗的骨折组（GL）。在动物胫骨上用直径2mm的环形钻头制造骨缺损。术后每48小时进行7次治疗。14天后处死动物并取出胫骨进行分析，右侧胫骨用于生物力学分析，左侧胫骨用于组织学分析。
生物力学分析显示，GC、CL和GUS的生物力学性能之间无统计学显著差异。形态计量分析表明，与对照组相比，GUS和GL的编织骨组织面积均显著更高。然而，当比较两种治疗方式时，它们之间无统计学差异。
本研究中使用的两种设备均能够加速大鼠的骨愈合过程。
