Bertelsen Mads F, Sauer Cathrine D
Centre for Zoo and Wild Animal Health, Copenhagen Zoo, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2011 Sep;38(5):461-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2011.00640.x.
To characterise the anaesthetic effects of alfaxalone administered intramuscularly (IM) at 10, 20, and 30 mg kg(-1) .
Prospective, randomized cross-over study.
Ten juvenile green iguanas (Iguana iguana) of mean body weight (±SD) 480 ± 134 g.
Alfaxalone was administered IM in the triceps of both thoracic limbs. Times for anaesthetic induction, plateau and recovery periods were recorded. Skeletal muscle tone of the jaw, neck, thoracic limbs, pelvic limbs, and tail was scored. The palpebral, corneal and righting reflexes, and the response to painful stimuli were also assessed. Pulse rate and respiratory rate were recorded. Comparisons between different dosages and over time were made using anova.
Times are given for 10, 20 and 30 mg kg(-1) dosages respectively: mean time to maximal effect was 7.7 ± 2.2, 5.4 ± 1.7 and 3.9 ± 1.2 minutes; duration of the plateau phase was 11.3 ± 3.8, 22.1 ± 6.5 and 39.1 ± 11.5 minutes; recovery time was 10 ± 2.4, 17.5 ± 8.6 and 25 ± 7.1 minutes; and total anaesthetic duration was 29 ± 35.7, 45 ± 8.2 and 68 ± 9.8 inutes. Endotracheal intubation was possible in 40% of the subjects given 10 mg kg(-1) and in 100% subjects given both 20 and 30 mg kg(-1) . Loss of response to a painful stimulus was seen in 0/10, 8/10 and 9/10 animals at 10, 20, and 30 mg kg(-1) respectively. There was an initial dose-dependent depression of respiration followed by a significant increase in frequency over time. In contrast, pulse rates decreased by 20% over the duration of the anaesthetic events.
Intramuscular administration of alfaxalone is a simple, rapid and reliable means of achieving relatively brief sedation or anaesthesia in healthy green iguanas. A dosage of 10 mg kg(-1) provides light sedation, appropriate for examination and venipuncture; 20 mg kg(-1) provides a level suitable for minor procedures or for endotracheal intubation and supplementation with inhalational anaesthesia; 30 mg kg(-1) produces an anaesthetic plane suitable for surgical procedures of limited duration (up to 40 minutes).
表征以10、20和30mg/kg体重肌肉注射阿法沙龙的麻醉效果。
前瞻性、随机交叉研究。
十只平均体重（±标准差）为480±134g的幼年绿鬣蜥（美洲鬣蜥）。
将阿法沙龙注射到双侧胸肢的肱三头肌中。记录麻醉诱导、平稳期和恢复期的时间。对颌部、颈部、胸肢、盆腔肢和尾部的骨骼肌张力进行评分。还评估了眼睑、角膜和翻正反射以及对疼痛刺激的反应。记录脉搏率和呼吸率。使用方差分析对不同剂量之间以及随时间的情况进行比较。
分别给出10、20和30mg/kg体重剂量的相关时间：达到最大效应的平均时间分别为7.7±2.2、5.4±1.7和3.9±1.2分钟；平稳期持续时间分别为11.3±3.8、22.1±6.5和39.1±11.5分钟；恢复时间分别为10±2.4、17.5±8.6和25±7.1分钟；总麻醉持续时间分别为29±35.7、45±8.2和68±9.8分钟。给予10mg/kg体重的受试者中40%可进行气管插管，给予20和30mg/kg体重的受试者中100%可进行气管插管。在10、20和30mg/kg体重时，分别有0/10、8/10和9/10的动物对疼痛刺激无反应。最初呼吸呈剂量依赖性抑制，随后频率随时间显著增加。相比之下，在麻醉过程中脉搏率下降了20%。
肌肉注射阿法沙龙是在健康绿鬣蜥中实现相对短暂镇静或麻醉的一种简单、快速且可靠的方法。10mg/kg体重的剂量可提供轻度镇静，适用于检查和静脉穿刺；20mg/kg体重的剂量可提供适合小手术或气管插管以及吸入麻醉辅助的水平；30mg/kg体重可产生适合持续时间有限（长达40分钟）手术的麻醉平面。
