Department of Health and Exercise Science, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
Med Hypotheses. 2011 Nov;77(5):748-52. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2011.07.029. Epub 2011 Aug 12.
Traditionally it has been thought that muscle hypertrophy occurs primarily from an overload stimulus produced by progressively increasing an external load using at least 70% of one's concentric one repetition maximum (1RM). Blood flow restricted exercise has been demonstrated to result in numerous positive training adaptions, specifically muscle hypertrophy and strength at intensities much lower than this recommendation. The mechanisms behind these adaptions are currently unknown but a commonly cited concept is that acute elevations of systemic hormones, specifically growth hormone (GH), play a large role with resistance training induced muscle hypertrophy, possibly through stimulating muscle protein synthesis (MPS). We hypothesize that the alterations in the intramuscular environment which results in the rapid recruitment of FT fibers, is the large driving force behind the skeletal muscle hypertrophy seen with blood flow restriction, whereas the external load and systemic endogenous hormone elevations may not be as important as once thought. It is further hypothesized that although skeletal muscle hypertrophy can be achieved at low intensities without blood flow restriction when taken to muscular failure, the overall volume of work required is much greater than that needed with blood flow restriction.
传统上，人们认为肌肉肥大主要是由逐渐增加外部负荷产生的超负荷刺激引起的，至少使用 70%的一次重复最大重量（1RM）。已经证明，血流限制运动可导致许多积极的训练适应，特别是在远低于此建议的强度下，肌肉肥大和力量。这些适应的背后机制目前尚不清楚，但一个常被引用的概念是，全身性激素（特别是生长激素（GH））的急性升高在阻力训练引起的肌肉肥大中起着重要作用，可能通过刺激肌肉蛋白合成（MPS）。我们假设，导致快肌纤维快速募集的肌肉内环境的改变，是血流限制引起的骨骼肌肥大的主要驱动力，而外部负荷和全身内源性激素的升高可能不像以前认为的那么重要。进一步假设，尽管在肌肉衰竭时，不进行血流限制也可以在低强度下实现骨骼肌肥大，但所需的总工作量比血流限制时要大得多。
