Wamboldt Frederick S, Bender Bruce G, Rankin Allison E
Center for Health Promotion, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA.
J Asthma. 2011 Sep;48(7):741-50. doi: 10.3109/02770903.2011.598204.
Adherence with inhaled controller medications for asthma is known to be highly variable with many patients taking fewer doses than recommended for consistent control of lung inflammation. Adherence also worsens as children become teenagers, although the exact causes are not well established.
To use focus group methodology to examine beliefs, feelings, and behaviors about inhaled asthma controller medication in adolescents and young adults who had previously participated in a longitudinal study of asthma treatment adherence and outcome in order to develop more effective management strategies.
Twenty-six subjects participated in 6 focus groups comprised of 3-5 young adults (age range 12-20 years). Verbatim transcripts of these groups were analyzed using the long-table method of content analysis to identify key themes raised by participants.
A variety of beliefs, feelings, and behaviors influence the adolescent's decision about how to use their asthma medication. Some of the adolescents understood the importance of daily medication and were committed to the treatment plan prescribed by their provider. Poorer adherence was the product of misinformation, incorrect assumptions about their asthma, and current life situations.
These results, by highlighting potential mechanisms underlying both better and worse adherence, inform the development of strategies to improve adherence behavior in adolescents and young adults with asthma. Knowledge of the specific beliefs, feelings, and behaviors that underlie adolescents' use of inhaled asthma controller medication will help providers maximize treatment adherence in this notoriously difficult patient population.
已知哮喘患者吸入控制药物的依从性差异很大，许多患者服用的剂量少于推荐剂量，无法持续控制肺部炎症。随着儿童成长为青少年，依从性也会变差，尽管确切原因尚不完全清楚。
采用焦点小组方法，研究曾参与哮喘治疗依从性和转归纵向研究的青少年和青年对吸入性哮喘控制药物的信念、感受和行为，以制定更有效的管理策略。
26名受试者参加了6个焦点小组，每个小组由3 - 5名青年（年龄范围12 - 20岁）组成。使用内容分析的长表法对这些小组的逐字记录进行分析，以确定参与者提出的关键主题。
多种信念、感受和行为影响青少年关于如何使用哮喘药物的决定。一些青少年理解每日用药的重要性，并致力于遵循医疗服务提供者规定的治疗计划。依从性较差是错误信息、对自身哮喘的错误假设以及当前生活状况的结果。
这些结果通过突出依从性好坏的潜在机制，为制定改善青少年和青年哮喘患者依从行为的策略提供了依据。了解青少年使用吸入性哮喘控制药物背后的具体信念、感受和行为，将有助于医疗服务提供者在这个 notoriously difficult patient population中最大限度地提高治疗依从性。 （最后一句中“notoriously difficult patient population”直译为“出了名的难治疗的患者群体”，结合语境这里可能是指哮喘患者群体在治疗依从性方面 notoriously difficult，整体翻译可能需要根据上下文和专业知识进行更灵活的调整，这里先按字面翻译）
