Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
Pediatrics. 2011 Sep;128(3):e605-12. doi: 10.1542/peds.2010-2581. Epub 2011 Aug 22.
We determined the incidence of written-language disorder (WLD) among children with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a population-based birth cohort.
Subjects included a birth cohort of all children born in 1976-1982 who remained in Rochester, Minnesota, after 5 years of age (N = 5718). Information from medical, school, and private tutorial records was abstracted. Cumulative incidences of WLD with or without reading disability (RD), identified with any of 3 formulas, among children with and without ADHD and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated.
For both genders, the cumulative incidence of WLD by 19 years of age was significantly higher for children with ADHD than for children without ADHD (boys: 64.5% vs 16.5%; girls: 57.0% vs 9.4%). The magnitude of association between ADHD and WLD with RD was significantly higher for girls than for boys (adjusted HR: girls: 9.8; boys: 4.2; P < .001). However, this was not true for WLD without RD (adjusted HR: girls: 7.4; boys: 6.6; P = .64).
ADHD is strongly associated with an increased risk of WLD (with or without RD) for both boys and girls. Girls with ADHD are at higher risk of having WLD with RD compared with boys with ADHD, whereas boys and girls are at the same risk of having WLD without RD.
我们在一个基于人群的出生队列中，确定了伴有和不伴有注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童的书面语言障碍（WLD）发生率。
受试者包括 1976-1982 年出生的所有儿童，他们在 5 岁后仍留在明尼苏达州罗切斯特（N=5718）。从医疗、学校和私人辅导记录中提取信息。计算了伴有和不伴有阅读障碍（RD）的 WLD 的累积发生率，以及用 3 种公式识别的 ADHD 儿童和无 ADHD 儿童的危险比（HR）。
对于所有性别，19 岁时 ADHD 儿童的 WLD 累积发生率明显高于无 ADHD 儿童（男孩：64.5% vs 16.5%；女孩：57.0% vs 9.4%）。ADHD 与伴有 RD 的 WLD 之间的关联程度，女孩明显高于男孩（调整后的 HR：女孩：9.8；男孩：4.2；P<.001）。然而，对于不伴有 RD 的 WLD 则不然（调整后的 HR：女孩：7.4；男孩：6.6；P=0.64）。
ADHD 与男孩和女孩的 WLD（伴有或不伴有 RD）风险增加密切相关。与 ADHD 男孩相比，患有 ADHD 的女孩患伴有 RD 的 WLD 的风险更高，而男孩和女孩患不伴有 RD 的 WLD 的风险相同。
