Biophysics Graduate Group, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2011 Oct;21(5):661-9. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2011.07.009. Epub 2011 Aug 22.
Kinetochores are large macromolecular assemblies that link chromosomes to spindle microtubules (MTs) during mitosis. Here we review recent advances in the study of core MT-binding kinetochore complexes using electron microcopy methods in vitro and nanometer-accuracy fluorescence microscopy in vivo. We synthesize these findings in novel three-dimensional models of both the budding yeast and vertebrate kinetochore in different stages of mitosis. There is a growing consensus that kinetochores are highly dynamic, supra-molecular machines that undergo dramatic structural rearrangements in response to MT capture and spindle forces during mitosis.
着丝粒是在有丝分裂过程中将染色体与纺锤体微管（MTs）连接起来的大型大分子组装体。在这里，我们综述了使用体外电子显微镜方法和体内纳米精度荧光显微镜研究核心 MT 结合着丝粒复合物的最新进展。我们在新型三维模型中综合了芽殖酵母和脊椎动物着丝粒在有丝分裂不同阶段的这些发现。越来越多的共识认为，着丝粒是高度动态的、超分子机器，在有丝分裂过程中，为了捕获 MT 和纺锤体力，会发生剧烈的结构重排。
