Department of Psychology, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
Behav Neurol. 2011;24(3):177-85. doi: 10.3233/BEN-2011-0328.
The Trail Making Test and Digit Span are neuropsychological tests widely used to assess executive abilities following stroke. The Trails B and Digits Backward conditions of these tests are thought to be more sensitive to executive impairment related to frontal lobe dysfunction than the Trails A and Digits Forward conditions. Trails B and Digits Backward are also thought to be more sensitive to brain damage in general. Data from the Stroke and Lesion Registry maintained by the Washington University Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Group were analyzed to compare the effects of frontal versus nonfrontal strokes and to assess the effects of stroke severity. Results showed that the performance of patients with frontal and nonfrontal strokes was comparable in each condition of both the Trail Making Test and Digit Span, providing no support for the widely held belief that Trails B and Digits Backward are more sensitive to frontal lobe damage. Further, Trails A was as strongly correlated with stroke severity as Trails B, whereas Digits Backward was more strongly correlated with stroke severity than Digits Forward. Overall, the Trail Making Test and Digit Span are sensitive to brain damage but do not differentiate between patients with frontal versus nonfrontal stroke.
连线测试和数字广度测试是神经心理学测试，广泛用于评估中风后的执行能力。这些测试中的 B 型连线和倒背数字条件被认为比 A 型连线和顺背数字条件更能敏感地反映与额叶功能障碍相关的执行功能障碍。B 型连线和倒背数字通常也被认为对大脑损伤更敏感。分析了华盛顿大学认知康复研究小组维护的中风和病变登记处的数据，以比较额叶中风与非额叶中风的影响，并评估中风严重程度的影响。结果表明，在连线测试和数字广度测试的每个条件下，额叶和非额叶中风患者的表现相当，这并不支持广泛认为 B 型连线和倒背数字对额叶损伤更敏感的观点。此外，A 型连线与中风严重程度的相关性与 B 型连线一样强，而倒背数字与中风严重程度的相关性强于顺背数字。总体而言，连线测试和数字广度测试对大脑损伤敏感，但不能区分额叶中风与非额叶中风患者。
