Kibos Ambrose, Guerchicoff Alejandra
Department of Cardiology, Bathurst Regional Hospital Centre, New Brunswick, Canada.
Acute Card Care. 2011 Sep;13(3):136-42. doi: 10.3109/17482941.2011.606477.
Coronary heart disease and its main complication, myocardial infarction is leading cause of death worldwide. Over the past years, much progress has been made in the pharmacotherapy of major risk factors like dyslipidemias, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The targeting of coronary risk factors coupled with advances in the management of coronary artery disease has improved patient survival. However, the incidence of cardiovascular disease is projected to continue to rise and the identification of individuals at risk should improve beyond the traditional models of global risk factor scoring. In the past few years, important progresses have been made in the area of genomics, especially with the completion of the human genome-sequencing Consortium of 2004, proteomics and imaging. This progress will promote a better understanding of cardiovascular risk assessments and disease prediction, thus allowing earlier preventive strategies to prevent and improve cardiovascular outcomes. These genomic advances have improved characterization of disease pathology especially at the molecular level with the discovery and introduction of genetic markers, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and haplotype blocks.
冠心病及其主要并发症心肌梗死是全球主要死因。在过去几年中，在血脂异常、糖尿病和高血压等主要危险因素的药物治疗方面取得了很大进展。针对冠状动脉危险因素以及冠状动脉疾病管理方面的进展提高了患者生存率。然而，心血管疾病的发病率预计将继续上升，对高危个体的识别应超越传统的全球危险因素评分模型。在过去几年中，基因组学领域取得了重要进展，特别是随着2004年人类基因组测序联盟的完成、蛋白质组学和成像技术的发展。这一进展将促进对心血管风险评估和疾病预测的更好理解，从而允许采取更早的预防策略来预防和改善心血管结局。这些基因组学进展改善了疾病病理学特征，特别是在分子水平上，通过发现和引入遗传标记、单核苷酸多态性（SNP）和单倍型块。
