Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital bCentral Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2011 Nov;17(6):455-60. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0b013e32834b6af4.
Consensus statements about the care of people with cystic fibrosis (CF) recommend exercise as part of a wider management strategy. Many of these recommendations are based on high-quality evidence that regular exercise improves some important clinical outcomes, such as lung function and quality of life. However, the evidence about the effect of exercise on other clinical outcomes is less extensive or lower in quality. This article will review the physiological effects of exercise on a range of outcomes in people with CF, the mechanisms by which exercise may improve these outcomes and the quality and findings of clinical research into the effects of exercise in the management of CF.
Substantial evidence confirms that exercise significantly reduces the rate of decline in lung function in people with CF, at least in part by increasing mucus clearance. Regular exercise training over 6 months improves aerobic exercise capacity. Bone health is often poor in people with CF, but only indirect evidence supports that increasing the amount of exercise will have a beneficial effect on bone density. CF-related diabetes is also a common sequela of the disease, but again only evidence from type-2 diabetes exists to support exercise as a way of managing it.
Although its effects on some outcomes are unclear, the overall effect of exercise on quality of life is substantially beneficial and the evidence available for other specific outcomes is directly or indirectly supportive, so it appears appropriate to recommend it in clinical practice.
关于囊性纤维化（CF）患者护理的共识声明建议将运动作为更广泛管理策略的一部分。这些建议中的许多都是基于高质量的证据，即定期运动可以改善一些重要的临床结果，如肺功能和生活质量。然而，关于运动对其他临床结果影响的证据则不那么广泛或质量较低。本文将综述运动对 CF 患者一系列结果的生理影响、运动改善这些结果的机制，以及关于运动在 CF 管理中效果的临床研究的质量和结果。
大量证据证实，运动可显著减缓 CF 患者肺功能的下降速度，至少部分原因是增加了黏液清除。经过 6 个月的定期运动训练，可以提高有氧运动能力。CF 患者的骨骼健康通常较差，但只有间接证据支持增加运动量对骨密度有有益影响。CF 相关性糖尿病也是该疾病的常见后遗症，但同样只有 2 型糖尿病的证据支持运动是管理它的一种方法。
尽管其对某些结果的影响尚不清楚，但运动对生活质量的总体影响是显著有益的，而且现有其他特定结果的证据是直接或间接支持的，因此在临床实践中推荐运动似乎是合理的。
