Stark Mariailiana J, Niederhauser Victoria P, Camacho Janet M, Shirai Lance
Kaiser Permanente Hawai'i Region, Honolulu, HI 96819, USA.
Hawaii Med J. 2011 Jul;70(7 Suppl 1):27-31.
In the past 20-30 years, the number of overweight children in the United States has doubled.1 Overweight children are acquiring conditions such as hypertension, type II diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, sleep apnea, and orthopedic problems. The purpose of this study was to explore the prevalence of and factors associated with at risk and overweight in children 2-10 years of age in a Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) in Hawai'i. This quantitative, retrospective cross-sectional study included a stratified random sample of 554 children ages 2-10 years who received a well child health care exam at a HMO in 2003. The prevalence of at risk and overweight were examined including the relationship between ethnicity, socioeconomic status, place of residence, and a child being overweight. Thirteen percent were at risk for overweight (BMI 85-95%) and 19% (BMI >95%) were overweight. In the 6-10 year age group, 42 % were overweight or at risk for being overweight. Boys had a higher incidence of being overweight (54%) than the girls (46%). Pacific Islanders had the highest incidence of overweight (40%), followed by the Hawaiian/Part Hawaiians (19%) and Filipinos (19%). Ethnicity and place of residence were significantly associated with being at risk or overweight. Pacific Islanders were 4 times more likely to be overweight/at risk for overweight and those residing in the West O'ahu, Honolulu, and Central O'ahu/North Shore areas were 2-3 times more likely to be at risk for overweight when compared to children living in the Windward side. With increased age, the prevalence of overweight increased. Findings suggest that targeted obesity prevention strategies need to be initiated early in life and geared for ethnically and geographically diverse children and their families.
在过去20至30年里，美国超重儿童的数量翻了一番。超重儿童正出现诸如高血压、II型糖尿病、高胆固醇血症、睡眠呼吸暂停和骨科问题等状况。本研究的目的是探讨夏威夷一家健康维护组织（HMO）中2至10岁儿童的风险及超重患病率和相关因素。这项定量回顾性横断面研究纳入了554名2至10岁儿童的分层随机样本，这些儿童于2003年在一家HMO接受了儿童健康体检。研究了风险及超重的患病率，包括种族、社会经济地位、居住地点与儿童超重之间的关系。13%的儿童有超重风险（BMI为85 - 95%），19%（BMI > 95%）的儿童超重。在6至10岁年龄组中，42%的儿童超重或有超重风险。男孩超重的发生率（54%）高于女孩（46%）。太平洋岛民超重的发生率最高（40%），其次是夏威夷/部分夏威夷人（19%）和菲律宾人（19%）。种族和居住地点与有风险或超重显著相关。与居住在迎风海岸的儿童相比，太平洋岛民超重/有超重风险的可能性高出4倍，居住在瓦胡岛西部、檀香山以及瓦胡岛中部/北岸地区的儿童有超重风险的可能性高出2至3倍。随着年龄增长，超重患病率增加。研究结果表明，有针对性的肥胖预防策略需要在儿童早期启动，并针对不同种族和地域的儿童及其家庭。
