Nigg Claudio, Shor Becky, Tanaka Cathy Yamamoto, Hayes Donald K
John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA.
Hawaii Med J. 2011 Jul;70(7 Suppl 1):4-10.
To present prevalence rates of adolescents in Hawai'i at-risk weight (85 percentile or higher = overweight or obese) and the relationship with comorbidities.
The Hawai'i Youth Risk Behavior Survey aggregated for 2005, 2007, and 2009 was analyzed addressing at-risk weight prevalence by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade. Comorbidities were related to at-risk weight using regression.
Over 1/4 of Hawai'i adolescents were at-risk weight. There were no differences by grade, but boys had higher prevalence (31.0%) than girls (22.4%). Overall, Other Pacific Islanders and Hawaiians had the highest prevalence (43.9% and 37.4%, respectively), followed by multi-race (27.1%), Filipino (25.7%), and Whites with the lowest (16.1%). Most associations between at-risk weight and various co-morbidities (including sexual behavior, nutrition, physical activity, mental health, bullying, alcohol, and other drug use) were not significant (p>.05). However, girls and boys trying to lose weight; and boys with 3+ hours of screen time (TV, video, or computer games) each day were at increased odds of at-risk weight (p<.05).
Adolescent gender and ethnic disparities exist such that a single intervention approach (one size fits all) may be counterproductive. More research is required on the determinants and mechanisms to guide weight management interventions.
呈现夏威夷州处于超重风险（第85百分位数或更高 = 超重或肥胖）的青少年患病率及其与合并症的关系。
对2005年、2007年和2009年汇总的夏威夷青少年风险行为调查进行分析，按性别、种族/族裔和年级统计超重风险患病率。使用回归分析合并症与超重风险之间的关系。
超过四分之一的夏威夷青少年处于超重风险。各年级之间无差异，但男孩的患病率（31.0%）高于女孩（22.4%）。总体而言，其他太平洋岛民和夏威夷人的患病率最高（分别为43.9%和37.4%），其次是多种族（27.1%）、菲律宾人（25.7%），白人最低（16.1%）。超重风险与各种合并症（包括性行为、营养、身体活动、心理健康、欺凌、饮酒和其他药物使用）之间的大多数关联不显著（p>0.05）。然而，试图减肥的女孩和男孩；以及每天有3小时以上屏幕时间（电视、视频或电脑游戏）的男孩超重风险增加（p<0.05）。
青少年存在性别和种族差异，单一的干预方法（一刀切）可能适得其反。需要对指导体重管理干预措施的决定因素和机制进行更多研究。
