The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2011 Oct;4(5):685-98. doi: 10.1007/s12265-011-9301-3. Epub 2011 Sep 3.
Tissue engineering promises to restore tissue and organ function following injury or failure by creating functional and transplantable artificial tissues. The development of artificial tissues with dimensions that exceed the diffusion limit (1-2 mm) will require nutrients and oxygen to be delivered via perfusion (or convection) rather than diffusion alone. One strategy of perfusion is to prevascularize tissues; that is, a network of blood vessels is created within the tissue construct prior to implantation, which has the potential to significantly shorten the time of functional vascular perfusion from the host. The prevascularized network of vessels requires an extracellular matrix or scaffold for 3D support, which can be either natural or synthetic. This review surveys the commonly used biomaterials for prevascularizing 3D tissue engineering constructs.
组织工程有望通过构建具有功能和可移植性的人工组织来恢复损伤或失效组织和器官的功能。为了使人工组织的尺寸超过扩散极限（1-2mm），需要通过灌注（或对流）而不仅仅是扩散来输送营养物质和氧气。一种灌注策略是预血管化组织，即在组织构建物中预先创建血管网络，这有可能显著缩短宿主功能性血管灌注的时间。预血管化的血管网络需要细胞外基质或支架进行 3D 支撑，这些基质可以是天然的也可以是合成的。本文综述了用于预血管化 3D 组织工程构建体的常用生物材料。
