Ohkura Naoki, Tamura Koichiro, Tanaka Ayako, Matsuda Juzo, Atsumi Gen-ichi
Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Suarashi, Midori-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 2011 Dec;22(8):631-6. doi: 10.1097/MBC.0b013e328349a22c.
Pollen Typhae is the traditional Chinese herbal medicine widely used to treat the hemorrhagic diseases both by external and oral application. The present study examines the hemostatic properties and its components of Pollen Typhae. Pollen extract significantly reduced prothrombin time (PT), activated partial prothrombin time (APTT) and recalcification time. Pollen extract directly activated factor XII in the coagulation cascade. Acidic polysaccharide in the pollen that adsorbed to the diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) column was the causative agent of factor XII activation. These results suggested that an electronegative charge attributed to an acidic polysaccharide in the pollen extract contributed to the hemostatic activity. We then examined the hemostatic activity of administered pollen extract in the mouse tail bleeding model. Tail bleeding was significantly decreased after oral administration of the pollen extract, whereas the acidic polysaccharide fraction did not affect the duration of tail bleeding. These results suggest that the oral anticoagulant effect of Pollen Typhae is attributed to compounds other than acidic polysaccharides. We concluded that the activation of the intrinsic coagulation pathway by the acidic polysaccharide contributes to the external hemostatic property of Pollen Typhae, and the action of components such as flavonoids that possess anticoagulant activity are causative agent when orally administered.
蒲黄是一种传统的中草药，广泛用于通过外用和口服治疗出血性疾病。本研究考察了蒲黄的止血特性及其成分。蒲黄提取物显著缩短了凝血酶原时间（PT）、活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）和复钙时间。蒲黄提取物在凝血级联反应中直接激活因子 XII。吸附在二乙氨基乙基（DEAE）柱上的蒲黄中的酸性多糖是因子 XII 激活的致病因子。这些结果表明，蒲黄提取物中酸性多糖的负电荷有助于止血活性。然后，我们在小鼠尾部出血模型中考察了给予蒲黄提取物后的止血活性。口服蒲黄提取物后，尾部出血明显减少，而酸性多糖部分不影响尾部出血的持续时间。这些结果表明，蒲黄的口服抗凝血作用归因于酸性多糖以外的化合物。我们得出结论，酸性多糖对内源性凝血途径的激活有助于蒲黄的外用止血特性，而具有抗凝血活性的黄酮类等成分在口服时是致病因子。
