Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2011 Dec 2;151(2):201-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.08.025. Epub 2011 Aug 31.
In order to improve the knowledge about the presence of Salmonella in pork meat in Sardinia (Italy), the prevalence and the sources of Salmonella at 5 pig slaughterhouses (slaughtered pigs and environment) were investigated and the isolates were characterised. A total of 462 samples were collected, 425 from pigs at slaughter and 41 from the slaughterhouse environment. Salmonella was isolated from 26/85 (30.5%) mesenteric lymph nodes, 14/85 (16.4%) colon contents, and from 12/85 (14.1%) carcasses and livers. Salmonella prevalence was 38% (8/21) in samples from surfaces not in contact with meat, and 35% (7/20) in those from surfaces in contact with meat. Thirty-one pigs were identified as carriers of Salmonella in lymph nodes and/or colon content, but of these, only 8 carcasses were positive. A total of 103 Salmonella isolates were serotyped and genotyped. Eight different serotypes were detected; the most common were S. Derby (44/103, 42.7%) and S. Typhimurium (24/103, 23.3%). The most prevalent S. Typhimurium phage type was DT193. Thirty-two isolates were found to be resistant to more than one antimicrobial (MDR). Pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) permitted the resolution of XbaI macrorestriction fragments of the Salmonella strains into 20 distinct pulsotypes. Combined application of a plasmid profiling assay (PPA) and PFGE gave useful additional information to assist in tracing the routes of Salmonella contamination in abattoirs. To reduce Salmonella prevalence some preventive measures should be encouraged: the origin of infected slaughter animals should be identified and direct and cross-contamination of carcasses should be avoided by adhering to HACCP principles in association with good hygiene procedures (GHP).
为了提高对意大利撒丁岛猪肉中沙门氏菌存在情况的认识，对 5 家屠宰场（屠宰猪和环境）的沙门氏菌流行情况和来源进行了调查，并对分离株进行了特征描述。共采集了 462 份样本，其中 425 份来自屠宰时的猪，41 份来自屠宰场环境。从 26/85（30.5%）肠系膜淋巴结、14/85（16.4%）结肠内容物和 12/85（14.1%）胴体和肝脏中分离出沙门氏菌。在不与肉接触的表面样本中，沙门氏菌的流行率为 38%（8/21），在与肉接触的表面样本中，流行率为 35%（7/20）。31 头猪在淋巴结和/或结肠内容物中被鉴定为沙门氏菌携带者，但其中只有 8 头胴体呈阳性。共对 103 株沙门氏菌分离株进行了血清型和基因型鉴定。共检测到 8 种不同血清型，最常见的是 S. Derby（44/103，42.7%）和 S. Typhimurium（24/103，23.3%）。最常见的 S. Typhimurium 噬菌体类型是 DT193。32 株分离株对一种以上抗菌药物（MDR）具有耐药性。脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）允许将沙门氏菌菌株的 XbaI 宏观限制片段解析为 20 个不同的脉冲型。质粒图谱分析（PPA）和 PFGE 的联合应用提供了有用的附加信息，有助于追溯屠宰场中沙门氏菌污染的途径。为了降低沙门氏菌的流行率，应该鼓励采取一些预防措施：应确定受感染屠宰动物的来源，并通过遵守危害分析和关键控制点（HACCP）原则以及良好的卫生规范（GHP），避免胴体的直接和交叉污染。
