Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Plant Production, Universiteit Gent, Belgium.
Ecohealth. 2011 Sep;8(3):381-99. doi: 10.1007/s10393-011-0700-3. Epub 2011 Sep 23.
The sustainable use of natural and agricultural biodiversity in the diet can be instrumental to preserve existing food biodiversity, address malnutrition, and mitigate adverse effects of dietary changes worldwide. This systematic review of literature summarizes the current evidence on the contribution of plant and animal biodiversity to human diets in terms of energy intake, micronutrient intake, and dietary diversification. Peer-reviewed studies were searched in ten databases using pre-defined search terms. Only original studies assessing food biodiversity and dietary intake were included, resulting in a total of 34 studies. 7, 14, and 17 studies reported information in relation to energy intake, micronutrient intake, and dietary diversification, respectively. In general, locally available foods were found to be important sources of energy, micronutrients, and dietary diversification in the diet of particularly rural and forest communities of highly biodiverse ecosystems. The current evidence shows local food biodiversity as important contributor of nutritious diets. Findings are, however, limited to populations living in highly biodiverse areas. Research on the contribution of biodiversity in diets of industrialized and urban settings needs more attention. Instruments are needed that would more appropriately measure the dietary contribution of local biodiversity.
在饮食中可持续利用自然和农业生物多样性，可以有助于保护现有的食物生物多样性，解决营养不良问题，并减轻全球饮食变化的不利影响。本系统文献综述总结了目前关于植物和动物生物多样性对人类饮食中能量摄入、微量营养素摄入和饮食多样化的贡献的现有证据。使用预定义的搜索词在十个数据库中搜索同行评审的研究。仅包括评估食物生物多样性和饮食摄入的原始研究，共有 34 项研究。分别有 7、14 和 17 项研究报告了与能量摄入、微量营养素摄入和饮食多样化相关的信息。总的来说，在高度生物多样性生态系统中，特别是农村和森林社区的饮食中，当地可获得的食物被认为是能量、微量营养素和饮食多样化的重要来源。现有证据表明，当地食物生物多样性是营养饮食的重要贡献者。然而，这些发现仅限于生活在高度生物多样性地区的人群。需要更多关注工业化和城市环境中生物多样性对饮食的贡献的研究。需要有更合适的工具来衡量当地生物多样性对饮食的贡献。
