Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Zootecnia, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Str. prov.le per Casamassima Km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
Vet Microbiol. 2012 Mar 23;155(2-4):395-8. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.008. Epub 2011 Sep 12.
Canine Malassezia dermatitis is frequently treated with systemic ketoconazole (KTZ) and itraconazole (ITZ). However, no information is available on the antifungal susceptibility to azoles and allilamine of Malassezia pachydermatis isolates from dogs with or without skin lesions. The present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antifungal susceptibility of M. pachydermatis strains from dogs with or without skin lesions to KTZ, ITZ, miconazole (MICO), fluconazole (FLZ), posaconazole (POS), voriconazole (VOR) and terbinafine (TER) using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute reference Broth Microdilution Method (CLSI M27-A2). The association between the susceptibility to antifungal compounds and the origin of M. pachydermatis, from skin with or without lesions has been also assessed. A total of 62 M. pachydermatis strains from healthy dogs (i.e., Group A=30) or with skin lesions (i.e., Group B=32) were tested. ITZ, KTZ and POS showed the highest activity against M. pachydermatis strains, whereas MICO TER and FLZ the lowest. A higher number of Malassezia resistant strains were registered among isolates from Group B than those from Group A. This study indicates that M. pachydermatis strains were susceptible to ITZ, KTZ, and POS. However, dogs with lesions may harbour strains with low susceptibility to antifungal agents and displaying cross-resistance phenomena to azole. The antifungal therapy in Malassezia infections requires careful appraisal of choice of drugs especially in cases of unresponsiveness to antifungal treatment or recurrent infections.
犬马拉色菌性皮炎常采用系统酮康唑（KTZ）和伊曲康唑（ITZ）治疗。然而，目前尚无关于马拉色菌是否对唑类和烯丙胺类药物具有抗药性的信息，也没有关于有无皮肤损伤的犬的马拉色菌分离株的药敏信息。本研究旨在评估有无皮肤损伤的犬马拉色菌分离株对酮康唑、伊曲康唑、咪康唑（MICO）、氟康唑（FLZ）、泊沙康唑（POS）、伏立康唑（VOR）和特比萘芬（TER）的体外抗真菌药敏性，采用临床和实验室标准协会参考肉汤微量稀释法（CLSI M27-A2）。还评估了马拉色菌分离株对抗真菌化合物的敏感性与马拉色菌来源（有无皮肤损伤）之间的关系。共有 62 株马拉色菌分离株来自健康犬（即 A 组=30）或有皮肤损伤的犬（即 B 组=32）。ITZ、KTZ 和 POS 对马拉色菌菌株表现出最高的活性，而 MICO、TER 和 FLZ 则表现出最低的活性。B 组的马拉色菌耐药菌株数量高于 A 组。本研究表明，马拉色菌分离株对 ITZ、KTZ 和 POS 敏感。然而，有损伤的犬可能携带对抗真菌药物敏感性较低的菌株，并表现出对唑类药物的交叉耐药现象。马拉色菌感染的抗真菌治疗需要仔细评估药物的选择，特别是在对抗真菌治疗无反应或反复感染的情况下。
