Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
J Water Health. 2011 Sep;9(3):544-55. doi: 10.2166/wh.2011.142.
A total of 39 water samples from 23 different groundwater wells in Korea were collected and analyzed in order to monitor the occurrence of norovirus (NoV) and other indicator microbes as the first part of a national survey of groundwater. More than 500 L of untreated groundwater were filtered through 1MDS filters. Following elution and concentration by organic flocculation, PCR and sequence analysis were employed to detect and identify NoV, enterovirus, rotavirus, hepatitis A virus and adenovirus (Adv). Somatic and F-specific phages, heterotrophic bacteria, total coliforms and Escherichia coli were also analyzed to infer possible fecal contamination. NoVs were detected in 18% of the 39 samples. Five out of seven NoV-positive samples (71%) were identified as GI while the other two (29%) were GII. Enteroviruses and Advs were detected in two and three samples, respectively. Rotavirus and hepatitis A virus were not detected. Total coliforms, E. coli and coliphages were detected in 49, 15 and 13% of the samples, respectively, but did not appear to be suitable indicators of enteric virus contamination in groundwater. These results suggest that additional treatment may be needed for a significant number of groundwaters prior to use as drinking water.
为了监测韩国 23 口不同地下井水的诺如病毒（NoV）和其他指示微生物的发生情况，作为国家地下水调查的第一部分，共采集了 39 个水样。超过 500 升未经处理的地下水通过 1MDS 过滤器过滤。经过有机絮凝的洗脱和浓缩后，采用 PCR 和序列分析检测和鉴定 NoV、肠道病毒、轮状病毒、甲型肝炎病毒和腺病毒（Adv）。还分析了体细胞和 F 特异性噬菌体、异养细菌、总大肠菌群和大肠杆菌，以推断可能的粪便污染。在 39 个样本中的 18%中检测到 NoVs。在 7 个 NoV 阳性样本中，有 5 个（71%）被鉴定为 GI，另外 2 个（29%）为 GII。在两个和三个样本中分别检测到肠道病毒和 Adv。未检测到轮状病毒和甲型肝炎病毒。总大肠菌群、大肠杆菌和 coliphages 在 49%、15%和 13%的样本中被检测到，但似乎不是地下水肠道病毒污染的合适指标。这些结果表明，在将大量地下水用作饮用水之前，可能需要进行额外的处理。
