Steliga Matthew A, Dresler Carolyn M
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street #713, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2011 Oct;20(4):605-18. doi: 10.1016/j.soc.2011.07.003.
The link between smoking and development of lung cancer has been demonstrated, not only for smokers but also for those exposed to secondhand smoke. Despite the obvious carcinogenic effects of tobacco smoking, not all smokers develop lung cancer, and conversely some nonsmokers can develop lung cancer in the absence of other environmental risk factors. A multitude of genetic factors are beginning to be explored that interact with environmental exposure to alter the risk of developing this deadly disease. By more fully appreciating the complex interrelationship between genetics and other risks the development of lung cancer can be more completely understood.
吸烟与肺癌发生之间的联系已经得到证实，不仅对于吸烟者，而且对于那些接触二手烟的人也是如此。尽管吸烟具有明显的致癌作用，但并非所有吸烟者都会患肺癌，相反，一些不吸烟者在没有其他环境风险因素的情况下也可能患肺癌。人们开始探索多种与环境暴露相互作用以改变患这种致命疾病风险的遗传因素。通过更全面地认识遗传学与其他风险之间的复杂相互关系，可以更全面地理解肺癌的发生。
