Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KULeuven, Minderboredersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; E-Mail:
Viruses. 2010 Dec;2(12):2803-30. doi: 10.3390/v2122803. Epub 2010 Dec 22.
Cidofovir [(S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine, HPMPC] is an acyclic nucleoside analog approved since 1996 for clinical use in the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS patients. Cidofovir (CDV) has broad-spectrum activity against DNA viruses, including herpes-, adeno-, polyoma-, papilloma- and poxviruses. Among poxviruses, cidofovir has shown in vitro activity against orthopox [vaccinia, variola (smallpox), cowpox, monkeypox, camelpox, ectromelia], molluscipox [molluscum contagiosum] and parapox [orf] viruses. The anti-poxvirus activity of cidofovir in vivo has been shown in different models of infection when the compound was administered either intraperitoneal, intranasal (aerosolized) or topically. In humans, cidofovir has been successfully used for the treatment of recalcitrant molluscum contagiosum virus and orf virus in immunocompromised patients. CDV remains a reference compound against poxviruses and holds potential for the therapy and short-term prophylaxis of not only orthopox- but also parapox- and molluscipoxvirus infections.
西多福韦 [(S)-1-(3-羟基-2-膦酰甲氧基丙基)胞嘧啶，HPMPC] 是一种无环核苷类似物，自 1996 年以来被批准用于治疗 AIDS 患者的巨细胞病毒 (CMV) 视网膜炎。西多福韦 (CDV) 对 DNA 病毒具有广谱活性，包括疱疹病毒、腺病毒、多瘤病毒、乳头瘤病毒和痘病毒。在痘病毒中，西多福韦已显示出体外活性，可对抗正痘 [天花、牛痘 (天花)、牛痘、猴痘、骆驼痘、埃可病毒]、软疣痘 [传染性软疣] 和副痘 [orf] 病毒。当化合物通过腹腔内、鼻内（雾化）或局部给药时，西多福韦在不同的感染模型中已显示出体内抗痘病毒活性。在人类中，西多福韦已成功用于治疗免疫功能低下患者的顽固性传染性软疣病毒和羊痘病毒。CDV 仍然是对抗痘病毒的参考化合物，并且具有治疗和短期预防不仅是正痘病毒，而且是副痘病毒和软疣痘病毒感染的潜力。
