Wright Thomas M, Fone Kevin C F, Langley-Evans Simon C, Voigt Jörg-Peter W
School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom.
Int J Dev Neurosci. 2011 Dec;29(8):785-93. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2011.09.007. Epub 2011 Oct 8.
Lactational overfeeding programmes obesity in the adult rat, and also impacts on adult emotional behaviour. The present study investigated the impact of exposing the lactating female to a hypercaloric diet on structural aspects of feeding behaviour in the adult offspring as measured by the behavioural satiety sequence (BSS). Lactating Wistar rats were fed a hypercaloric cafeteria diet (CD) in addition to chow. Controls were fed on chow only. All offspring were chow fed after weaning. BSS was tested in 12-15 week old offspring. At 20 weeks of age, monoamine neurotransmitter levels were measured in selected brain regions. When exposed to a palatable 1-h test meal, offspring responded with the same latency to feed, regardless of lactational diet. Total food intake during the test was unaffected by lactational diet. Control offspring showed a normal BSS pattern. Male CD offspring displayed shorter feeding bouts (P<0.05) with an overall higher bout frequency (P<0.001) and their latency to rest was delayed (P<0.001). Overall eating frequency (P<0.05), but not duration was increased in male CD offspring. Although the transition from feeding to resting was not affected by lactational CD, CD males fed for longer at the beginning of the test meal and were more active towards the end. CD females displayed an increased number of feeding bouts (P<0.05) and they spent more time eating (P<0.05). Resting latency was delayed (P<0.05) and overall time spent resting was shortened (P<0.01). Frequency of eating was increased in the middle of the test meal. The onset of satiety as indicated by the transition point between eating and resting was delayed in CD females (P<0.001). In both sexes, hypothalamic 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was increased (P<0.05 in females, P<0.01 in males) and 5-HT turnover was reduced by lactational CD (P<0.001 in females, P<0.01 in males). Lactational CD led also to an increase in dopamine (DA) (P<0.01). Hypothalamic DA metabolism (DOPAC+HVA/DA ratio) was overall lower in females than in males (P<0.01). This study indicates a programming effect of lactational CD on feeding behaviour and brain monoaminergic neurons.
哺乳期过度喂养会导致成年大鼠肥胖，还会影响成年大鼠的情绪行为。本研究通过行为饱腹感序列（BSS）来探究哺乳期母鼠摄入高热量饮食对成年子代进食行为结构方面的影响。哺乳期的Wistar大鼠除了食用常规食物外，还喂食高热量的自助餐厅饮食（CD）。对照组只喂食常规食物。所有子代断奶后均喂食常规食物。在12至15周龄的子代中测试BSS。在20周龄时，测量选定脑区的单胺类神经递质水平。当接触美味的1小时测试餐时，无论哺乳期饮食如何，子代开始进食的潜伏期相同。测试期间的总食物摄入量不受哺乳期饮食的影响。对照组子代表现出正常的BSS模式。雄性CD子代的进食回合较短（P<0.05），总体回合频率较高（P<0.001），其休息潜伏期延迟（P<0.001）。雄性CD子代的总体进食频率增加（P<0.05），但进食持续时间未增加。虽然从进食到休息的转变不受哺乳期CD的影响，但CD雄性在测试餐开始时进食时间更长，在结束时更活跃。CD雌性进食回合数量增加（P<0.05），进食时间更长（P<0.05）。休息潜伏期延迟（P<0.05），总体休息时间缩短（P<0.01）。在测试餐中间进食频率增加。CD雌性中进食和休息之间的转变点所表明的饱腹感开始延迟（P<0.001）。在两性中，下丘脑5-羟色胺（5-HT）增加（雌性P<0.05，雄性P<0.01），哺乳期CD使5-HT周转率降低（雌性P<0.001，雄性P<0.01）。哺乳期CD还导致多巴胺（DA）增加（P<0.01）。下丘脑DA代谢（DOPAC+HVA/DA比值）总体上雌性低于雄性（P<0.01）。本研究表明哺乳期CD对进食行为和脑单胺能神经元有编程效应。
