Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2011;32(3):171-7. doi: 10.1159/000332082. Epub 2011 Oct 14.
Personality traits contribute to cognitive functioning. We present a study comparing personality traits in normal ageing and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
We conducted a representative longitudinal study including 222 subjects from a cohort born between 1930 and 1932 (n = 500) examined at three examination waves (t1: 1993/1994; t2: 1997/1998; t3: 2005/2007). Personality traits were assessed with the NEO-Five-Factor Inventory questionnaire.
Healthy controls and patients with MCI showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease concerning their levels of neuroticism and extraversion over time. MCI subjects scored significantly higher on neuroticism at baseline and lower on openness at all examinations compared to healthy controls. Subjects with higher baseline neuroticism showed a 2.24 times higher risk of developing MCI at the third follow-up (odds ratio = 2.24, 95% confidence interval = 1.12-4.45 - scores adjusted for education and sex).
MCI subjects differ in their premorbid personality traits compared to healthy controls. According to our study, higher neuroticism should be considered a risk factor for the development of MCI.
人格特质与认知功能有关。我们进行了一项研究，比较了正常衰老和轻度认知障碍（MCI）患者的人格特质。
我们进行了一项具有代表性的纵向研究，纳入了 1930 年至 1932 年出生的队列中 222 名受试者（n = 500），在三个检查阶段（t1：1993/1994 年；t2：1997/1998 年；t3：2005/2007 年）进行了评估。人格特质使用 NEO-五因素人格量表问卷进行评估。
健康对照组和 MCI 患者的神经质和外向性水平随时间呈显著（p < 0.05）下降。与健康对照组相比，MCI 患者在基线时的神经质得分明显更高，而开放性得分在所有检查中均较低。基线时神经质得分较高的受试者在第三次随访时发展为 MCI 的风险增加 2.24 倍（优势比=2.24，95%置信区间=1.12-4.45-分数经教育和性别调整）。
与健康对照组相比，MCI 患者的病前人格特质存在差异。根据我们的研究，较高的神经质水平应被视为发展为 MCI 的风险因素。
