Service of Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2013;36(5-6):329-39. doi: 10.1159/000353895. Epub 2013 Sep 10.
To describe personality traits and their changes in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and control subjects.
Sixty-three MCI and 90 control subjects were asked to describe their current personality traits by the Structured Interview for the Five-Factor Model (SIFFM). For each subject, a close relative retrospectively assessed these descriptions both as to the previous and current personality traits, using the Revised NEO Personality Inventory, Form R (NEO-PI-R).
Self-assessed MCI subjects reported significantly lower scores in the openness dimension than control subjects [F(1, 150) = 9.84, p = 0.002, ηp(2) = 0.06]. In current observer ratings, MCI subjects had higher scores on neuroticism [F(1, 137) = 7.55, p = 0.007, ηp(2) = 0.05] and lower ones on extraversion [F(1, 137) = 6.40, p = 0.013, ηp(2) = 0.04], openness [F(1, 137) = 9.93, p = 0.002, ηp(2) = 0.07], agreeableness [F(1, 137) = 10.18, p = 0.002, ηp(2) = 0.07] and conscientiousness [F(1, 137) = 25.96, p < 0.001, ηp(2) = 0.16]. Previous personality traits discriminated the groups as previous openness [odds ratio (OR) = 0.97, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.95-0.99, p = 0.014] and conscientiousness (OR = 0.96, 95% CI 0.94-0.98, p = 0.001) were negatively related to MCI group membership. In MCI subjects, conscientiousness [F(1, 137) = 19.20, p < 0.001, ηp(2) = 0.12] and extraversion [F(1, 137) = 22.27, p < 0.001, ηp(2) = 0.14] decreased between previous and current evaluations and neuroticism increased [F(1, 137) = 22.23, p < 0.001, ηp(2) = 0.14], whereas no significant change was found in control subjects.
MCI subjects undergo significant personality changes. Thus, personality assessment may aid the early detection of dementia.
描述轻度认知障碍（MCI）患者和对照组的人格特征及其变化。
63 名 MCI 患者和 90 名对照组被要求通过结构访谈五因素模型（SIFFM）来描述他们当前的人格特征。对于每个受试者，一名近亲会根据以前和现在的人格特征，使用修订后的 NEO 人格量表（NEO-PI-R）对这些描述进行回顾性评估。
自我评估的 MCI 患者报告在开放性维度上的得分明显低于对照组[F(1, 150)=9.84, p=0.002, ηp(2)=0.06]。在当前观察者评分中，MCI 患者的神经质得分较高[F(1, 137)=7.55, p=0.007, ηp(2)=0.05]，外向性得分较低[F(1, 137)=6.40, p=0.013, ηp(2)=0.04]，开放性得分较低[F(1, 137)=9.93, p=0.002, ηp(2)=0.07]，宜人性得分较低[F(1, 137)=10.18, p=0.002, ηp(2)=0.07]，尽责性得分较低[F(1, 137)=25.96, p<0.001, ηp(2)=0.16]。以前的人格特征可以区分这两个群体，以前的开放性[比值比（OR）=0.97，95%置信区间（CI）=0.95-0.99，p=0.014]和尽责性（OR=0.96，95%CI 0.94-0.98，p=0.001）与 MCI 组的成员关系呈负相关。在 MCI 患者中，尽责性[F(1, 137)=19.20, p<0.001, ηp(2)=0.12]和外向性[F(1, 137)=22.27, p<0.001, ηp(2)=0.14]在以前和现在的评估之间下降，而神经质增加[F(1, 137)=22.23, p<0.001, ηp(2)=0.14]，而对照组则没有发现显著变化。
MCI 患者经历了显著的人格变化。因此，人格评估可能有助于早期发现痴呆症。
