Monticello T M, Morgan K T, Uraih L
Chemical Industry Institute of Toxicology, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Apr;85:249-74. doi: 10.1289/ehp.85-1568333.
Rodents are commonly used for inhalation toxicology studies, but until recently the nasal passages have often been overlooked or only superficially examined. The rodent nose is a complex organ in which toxicant-induced lesions may vary, depending on the test compound. A working knowledge of rodent nasal anatomy and histology is essential for the proper evaluation of these responses. Lack of a systematic approach for examining rodent nasal tissue has led to a paucity of information regarding nonneoplastic lesions in the rodent nose. Therefore, slides from the National Toxicology Program (NTP) and the Chemical Industry Institute of Toxicology (CIIT) were examined, and the literature was reviewed to assemble the spectrum of nonneoplastic rodent nasal pathology. Presented are lesions associated with the various types of epithelia lining the rodent nasal cavity plus lesions involving accessory nasal structures. Even though there are anatomic and physiologic differences between the rodent and human nose, both rats and mice provide valuable animal models for the study of nasal epithelial toxicity, following administration of chemical compounds.
啮齿动物常用于吸入毒理学研究，但直到最近，鼻腔通常被忽视或仅进行了表面检查。啮齿动物的鼻子是一个复杂的器官，其中毒物诱导的损伤可能因受试化合物而异。掌握啮齿动物鼻腔解剖学和组织学的实用知识对于正确评估这些反应至关重要。缺乏检查啮齿动物鼻腔组织的系统方法导致有关啮齿动物鼻子非肿瘤性病变的信息匮乏。因此，对来自国家毒理学计划（NTP）和化学工业毒理学研究所（CIIT）的玻片进行了检查，并查阅了文献以汇总非肿瘤性啮齿动物鼻腔病理学的范围。本文介绍了与啮齿动物鼻腔内衬的各种上皮类型相关的病变以及涉及鼻腔附属结构的病变。尽管啮齿动物和人类的鼻子在解剖学和生理学上存在差异，但在给予化合物后，大鼠和小鼠都是研究鼻上皮毒性的有价值的动物模型。
