National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Department of Food and Environmental Chemistry, 1 Kołłataja Str, 81-332 Gdynia, Poland.
Chemosphere. 2011 Dec;85(11):1725-33. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.09.019. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
Chemical analyses were performed in nine fish species that are popular on the Polish market. These included Baltic fish (cod, herring, salmon), fish farmed in Poland (carp, trout), marine fish imported from China (Alaska pollock, sole), and farmed fish imported from Vietnam and China (sutchi catfish, tilapia). The nutritional composition (amino acid, micro- and macronutrients, fat-soluble vitamins - A(1), D(3), E) and certain contaminants (organochlorine pesticides, OCPs; indicator polychlorinated biphenyl, PCB(6); polychlorinated dibenzo-paradioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans, PCDD/Fs; dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls, dl-PCBs; organotin compounds, OCTs; dyes, malachite green and crystal violet; veterinary drug residues, nitrofurans and chloramphenicol; toxic metals, Cd, Pb, Hg) in the muscle tissues of fish were determined. It was confirmed that the fish species analyzed were excellent sources of amino acids, and were rich in phosphorous and selenium. Baltic Sea fish (salmon, herring), fish farmed in Poland (carp and trout), and tilapia were also rich in vitamin D(3). Traces of OCP, PCB(6), OCT, dyes, veterinary drug residues, and heavy metals were detected in concentrations which do not pose a threat to consumers at the current rate of fish consumption in Poland. However, the problem might arise from the content of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs in fatty Baltic fish. The fish species analyzed, differed in their nutritional values and degrees of contamination. We suggest that for optimum health and safety, it is advisable that consumers include a variety of different fish species in their diets.
对波兰市场上常见的 9 种鱼类进行了化学分析。这些鱼类包括波罗的海鱼类（鳕鱼、鲱鱼、三文鱼）、波兰养殖鱼类（鲤鱼、鳟鱼）、从中国进口的海洋鱼类（阿拉斯加狭鳕、比目鱼）和从越南和中国进口的养殖鱼类（苏氏鲶鱼、罗非鱼）。对肌肉组织中的营养成分（氨基酸、微量和常量营养素、脂溶性维生素 A(1)、D(3)、E）和某些污染物（有机氯农药、OCPs；指示性多氯联苯 PCB(6)；多氯二苯并对二恶英和多氯二苯并呋喃 PCDD/Fs；二恶英类多氯联苯 dl-PCBs；有机锡化合物 OCTs；染料，孔雀石绿和结晶紫；兽药残留，硝基呋喃类和氯霉素；有毒金属，Cd、Pb、Hg）进行了测定。结果证实，分析的鱼类是氨基酸的极好来源，并且富含磷和硒。波罗的海鱼类（三文鱼、鲱鱼）、波兰养殖鱼类（鲤鱼和鳟鱼）和罗非鱼也富含维生素 D(3)。在目前波兰鱼类消费的水平下，OCP、PCB(6)、OCT、染料、兽药残留和重金属的浓度不会对消费者构成威胁，但问题可能来自于富含多氯二苯并对二恶英和二恶英类多氯联苯的脂肪性波罗的海鱼类。分析的鱼类在营养价值和污染程度上存在差异。我们建议消费者在饮食中摄入多种不同的鱼类，以达到最佳的健康和安全效果。
